List of firearms technical terms

The list of firearms technical terms includes technical terms from the weapon technology of firearms (handguns and guns) as well as from overlapping peripheral areas of firearms in general.

Terms from ammunition, cartridge ammunition, reloading and explosives technology as well as from hunting and sport shooting are not included in this list in order to ensure a clear delimitation of the technical terms for the technical field of firearms.

A.

Reticle: The marking in the telescope image that enables aiming with the telescopic sight of a firearm

Deduction: The trigger system (lock) consists of the trigger (trigger tongue), any connection, transmission, interruption, safety and holding elements, and possibly various springs and holding pins.

Trigger plate: Contains slots for the trigger (s) and forms the connection between the lock box and the stock.

Trigger guard: Protection surrounding the trigger tongue.

Deduction group: (See deduction).

Trigger bar: Power-transmitting rod between the trigger blade and striking piece.

Trigger stop: Blocks the trigger on the trigger path against falling through behind the firing point.

Trigger system: (See deduction).

Pull-off resistance: Power of the accumulated mechanical resistance that has to be overcome to trigger the shot.

Trigger tongue: The trigger element that is triggered with the finger, or trigger for short.

Attached lock: Also screwed on lock. Lock of cock rifles, which is not fastened in recesses in the lock box, but is mounted behind the butt plate.

attack: The weapon in the targeting position.

Stock: Butt stock that can be mounted on a handgun if required.

Adaptation: Modernization or retrofitting of weapons through design changes (mostly caliber changes).

Arquebus: Matchlock musket.

Assault Rifle: (Engl. For assault rifle)

Planting device: Bayonet mounting (on the race, front sight, flash hider etc.).

Shooting up: At the moment the shot is fired, the breech is closed (possibly locked), only the firing pin moves, which has a precision-enhancing effect.

Slide-on assembly: Prism rail attachment for optical aiming aids.

Missed barrel: Damage to the barrel (field traction edges wear, bulging, mouth widening or deformation, etc.).

Ejector rod: In the case of revolvers with a swing-out drum, this rod goes through the drum axis and with which the star-shaped case ejector can be pushed backwards. In the case of revolvers without a swiveling drum, a rod for ejecting the individual cases.

Ejector

Component for automatically ejecting the cartridge or case from the chamber when the weapon is opened (shotguns and combined weapons).
Component of the closure system for ejecting the cartridge or case when the closure is reversed.

Extractor: Component of the locking system for pulling the cartridge or case out of the chamber of the weapon.

Automatic backup

Security system that takes effect when loading drop-barrel weapons.
Safety system for handguns that is effective without an additional operating function for the shooter. z. B. Fall protection ..

Automatic weapon: Weapons that emit continuous fire when the trigger is operated. These weapons can usually be switched to single fire.

Aydt lock: Block lock with pivot point under the barrel, developed by Wilhelm Aydt.

B.

jaw: Used to rest the head on the butt of the rifle stock.

Part of the butt of the rifle stock. In the case of hunting rifles, possibly in different designs (e.g. as Bavarian cheek, etc.).
Mostly adjustable, also separate or modular part of modern rifle stocks. In this version to improve the weapon position and thus precision.

Bayonet wart: Pawl for bayonet attachment, attached separately or on the front sight.

Receiver (weapon)

From French = swing, seesaw, butt. With drop barrel rifles, the chassis to accommodate bolt and lock parts.

battery: Component of stone locks. Metal flap that opens when the faucet strikes with a clamped flint and releases the powder pan, the spark generated by abrasion on the battery ignites the charge.

Bergstutzen: Two-barreled, short, easy-to-handle hunting rifle, mostly in full stock.

Bedding: Fitment of barrel and system in the stock of a weapon.

Beaver tail

The extended handle safety device to protect the hand from the cocking cock of automatic pistols based on the Colt 1911 design principle.
Thickened fore-end of rifles for better support.

Bipod: (See bipod).

Lightning lock: Compact lock in which all parts are mounted on the trigger plate and can be removed from the lock housing as a unit.

Block locking: Locking system of self-loading pistols, in which the rear end of the barrel, around the cartridge chamber, is designed as a solid block that locks into the ejector window of the breech (slide).

Block closure: With the Sharps drop block lock, the lock block is located directly behind the barrel. For loading, it is pulled vertically down using a lever mechanism to release the cartridge chamber. In the Martini system , the breech block is hinged at the rear and is tilted for loading by pulling down the trigger guard.

Over and under rifle: Combined weapon with a shotgun barrel above the rifle barrel.

Over and under rifle: Rifle with two rifle barrels arranged one above the other. Correct designation over-the-counter rifle.

Over and under shotgun: Shotgun with shotgun barrels arranged one above the other. Correct designation over and under shotgun

Trillion: Combined weapon with rifle barrels arranged one above the other or offset and a shotgun barrel in different arrangement variants.

Bore: (English bore, caliber). “Big Bore” as a synonym for American big game caliber.

Rifle drill: Rifle with three rifle barrels in different arrangements.

rifle: Generally for rifles with rifled barrel (rifle barrel).

Buckle lock, buckle gun: Lever lock, the lock is activated by actuating a trigger guard or a lever below.

Bull barrel: Extra heavy (thick-walled) barrel, for use in precision shooting.

Bullpup: Rifle stock, in which the barrel and system are moved further back into the stock in order to keep the weapon as short as possible. The disadvantage of this weapon stock is the slightly higher line of sight. This type of stock is most commonly found in weapons used by the military.

Bundle revolver: Drumless revolver with barrel set.

C.

Chassepot rifle: In the war Franco-German 1870/71 inserted French breech-loading rifle with bolt action and needle-firing pin, see also needle gun

Checkering: Incisions (scrap) on weapon grips (grips, frames, fore-ends and grips) for a secure hold.

choke: Muzzle modification (usually narrowing) in shotgun barrels, which reduces the dispersion of the shotgun or has other influences on shotgun sheaves or shotgun barrel projectiles. The most important designs are quarter-choke, half-choke, full-choke, and many more, also for special requirements, are available.

Cook off: Autoignition of the cartridge in the overheated chamber of automatic weapons.

Custom gun: A firearm specially made for the user and his needs.

D.

THERE: (See double-action trigger.)

Twilight sights: Illuminated sights with self-illuminating elements.

DAO: (See double-action-only deduction.)

Continuous fire: Burst of fire from a fully automatic weapon.

German engraver: A form of the set trigger.

Rear sight: Hole sight, for military or match rifles.

Direct trigger: Trigger design found unprecedented in match air and small bore rifles, but also in sniper rifles. Also known as a shotgun trigger.

Double trigger: Side-by-side shotgun trigger with one trigger per barrel.

Double rifle drilling: Combined weapon with two rifle barrels and one shotgun barrel.

Double rifle: Rifle with two barrels lying next to each other.

Double shotgun: Shotgun with two side-by-side barrels.

Double: Unintentional firing of a second (double) shot, e.g. B. caused by wear on the trigger or poor trigger coordination.

Double action trigger: Double-action cocked trigger with single-action function (pre-cocked trigger).

Double action only trigger: Double-action cocking trigger with the exclusive function of cocking and pulling off.

Twist: Rotation of the bullet around its longitudinal axis to stabilize the flight path. It is caused by trains in the run or a polygonal track profile. The angle of the cables to the running axis can also be increasing, see progressive twist.

Twist length: The distance that a bullet travels in the barrel in order to execute a full rotation caused by the twist.

Rotary block closure: Closure construction that executes an axial rotary movement when opened.

Triplet: Combined weapon with two rifle barrels lying next to each other and a rifle barrel underneath

Pressure compensation grooves: Grooves between barrel and chamber. Avoid sleeve cracks by equalizing pressure.

Pressure point: Resistance to be overcome when pulling the trigger, due to the design of the pressure point trigger, which has to be overcome when the shot is released. In the case of sporting guns, the trigger weight is to be finely distributed between the so-called pull and the pressure point.

Pressure point trigger: Trigger construction in which the trigger travel is divided into advance, pressure point and downstream. With match and precision weapons, travel and weight can often be set separately.

E.

Single print: Trigger on side-by-side shotguns that automatically switch to the second barrel after the first shot. Some of these systems allow pre-selection of the run.

Zero in: In the military also shooting, is made for individual sight adjustment.

Insert barrel: Small-caliber barrel for insertion in large-caliber weapons, is used for. B. for firing rifle calibers from shotguns and small-caliber ammunition from large-caliber weapons.

Single loader: Single-shot weapon.

Ejector: (See ejector).

Electric ignition

Shot triggered by electrical charge ignition.
Electric or electronic trigger actuation.

Relief grooves: Grooves milled into the chamber, which make it easier to pull the case out of the chamber thanks to a smaller contact surface.

Release lever: Setup of the trigger system for releasing the weapon (hammer, bolt, firing pin) without pulling the trigger.

F.

Drop block lock: Locking construction whose block slides (falls) down when unlocking.

Handgun: Handgun that is shot out of the hand rather than the shoulder.

Spring guide rod: Rod for guiding the locking spring.

field: Standing material between the trains.

Field measure: Barrel diameter, measured between opposing fields.

Rate of fire: Theoretical number of shots that can be fired from a firearm within a certain period of time; it is specified in rounds per minute (s / min).

Firearm: Firearm in which projectiles are propelled through a barrel by means of expanding hot gases.

Fish skin: Cuttings cut or pressed into the stock wood to improve the grip (see checkering in metal).

Cilia: The flicker tape, stretched from the locking system sleeve to the muzzle area of the barrel, is suitable for deflecting the hot air out of the line of sight and preventing flickering.

flicker: The flickering is caused by the barrel heated by friction and hot gases and the air that is heated over the barrel as a result and disturbs the clear sight image.

shotgun: Rifle with a smooth barrel for the shotgun, earlier also for musket. Exceptions are special shotgun barrels for the use of shotgun barrel projectiles for rifled barrels.

Wing security: Trigger safety element with swiveling lever, acting on trigger or hammer.

Free pistol: Single-shot small bore pistol for sporty shooting at 50 m.

Free flight: Unguided path that the bullet travels after emerging from the case, within the transition cone and into the barrel with the fields and trains or polygonal profile.

Free rifle: Single shot match rifle for competitions at 50 m and 300 m, depending on the caliber (.22 linear length or 7.62 × 51 mm).

Free swinging barrel: Barrel arrangement in the rifle stock that allows the barrel to swing freely in the weapon.

Full choke: (See choke).

Full-lug barrel: The revolving barrel, which is designed to be heavy as additional weight, for better balancing of the weapon or for calming the weapon when firing.

Feed run: Small-caliber barrel that is permanently (soldered) inserted into a large-caliber barrel. It can also be held in place by heating and shrinking the outer barrel.

G

Gas pressure: Pressure from the expanding hot gases in a firearm drives the projectile through the barrel.

Gas pressure charger: Self-loading system that uses the gas pressure of the resulting shot to repeat the system by diverting a small portion of the shot gases to the gas piston (see below) through a small hole in the barrel wall.

Gas piston: Part of the charging system for gas pressure boosters on which the tapped gas pressure acts to repeat. The gas piston releases the locking mechanism when it moves back.

Gas socket: Take-off point at the barrel bore to divert the gases onto the gas cylinder of gas pressure guns, often in connection with the front sight saddle of such weapons.

Gas rod: The gas rod transfers the energy of the hot gases from the gas pressure charger, which is derived from the gas piston, to the bolt carrier.

Gas cylinder: The gas piston of gas pressure chargers works in the gas cylinder.

Straight or straight pull lock: Locking system in which the bolt stem attached to the lock has to be moved back and forward in a straight line to repeat.

Gun barrel: Designation of the barrel for guns.

flower arrangement: Hunting term for a complete rifle scope assembly.

gun: Long handgun that is shot from the shoulder. Divided into rifles with rifled barrels and shotguns with smooth barrels.

Drawn barrel: Rifle barrel with trains and fields for firing rifle or bullet ammunition.

GK: (Abbr. Large caliber).

Smooth run: Shotgun barrel or shotgun barrel, also the barrel of a musket.

Handle shell: Pair, less often one-piece component for fastening, also enclosing the handle of the pistol or the frame of the revolver in the grip area, in different materials and designs, sizes and shapes, depending on the intended use and desired property.

Grip safety: Fuse attached to the rear of the handle of handguns. If you keep it pressed in, the trigger mechanism is released. Also found on submachine guns (UZI, MAT 49)

Handle clamp: Clamping device on the handle of the weapon, usually pistol, which when firmly gripping the handle, the lock, respectively. the mainspring of the weapon cocks.

Handle: One of the main parts of the pistol takes the trigger group, possibly fuses and the magazine. The other main parts of the pistol are based on the grip.

H

Rooster: Hammer-shaped hammer of a handgun that can be cocked with the thumb.

No tapping guns: Weapons with internal striking pieces, frequently used in modern pistols and the so-called pocket pistols and revolvers.

Hahnrast: (See rest rest).

Tap tensioner system: (See single-action trigger.)

Semi-automatic weapon: Semi-automatic rifle where every single shot has to be triggered by pulling the trigger (see semi-automatic rifle ).

Half-position notch: (See rest rest).

Half-choke: (See choke).

Handgun: Hand-operated, hand-fired or shoulder-fired firearm for pistol, revolver, rifle and rifle ammunition (and in their calibers, below 20 mm).

Manual repeater: Multi-loading rifle in which reloading (repeating) is carried out manually, shot by shot.

Hand protection: Upper cover of the barrel to protect against burns on the hot-shot barrel, mainly used on military stocks

Hand stop: Fastening for the shooting sling clamped into the prism rail of the stock, mainly used for target rifles, also called hand stop.

Breech loader: Firearms which are loaded from behind via a lock or into the cartridge chamber of a revolver drum.

High blow: Muzzle throw or muzzle jumping. Turning up the gun muzzle in the shot. It is caused by the recoil, as the center of gravity and the support point (grip, buttstock) of the weapon are usually below the barrel axis.

I.

Inspector brand: Acceptance identification by means of a corresponding sticker attached to the weapon for military weapons.

J

Jet funnel: (See magazine funnel).

K

cadence: (See rate of fire).

caliber

Barrel or barrel diameter of firearms (e.g. gun caliber 50 mm).
Bullet size in diameter (e.g. rifle caliber .30).
Size of the cartridge ammunition, often also including the length of the cartridge case (e.g. pistol caliber 9 × 19 mm).
Size of the "Bore" specification, also with additional specification of the length of the cartridge (e.g. shotgun caliber 12/76).

chamber

Also the lock or the lock box.
Term of the cartridge chamber for separate structural units of cartridge chamber and barrel / barrel.
Bore in the revolver drum to accommodate a cartridge, which is also part of the magazine for revolvers.

Chamber lock: The cylinder lock consists of the chamber or system sleeve connected to the barrel. This also contains the lock parts with lock cylinder, which is moved by the shooter with the bolt handle when repeating.

Carabiner: Originally a short or shortened rifle weapon. Because of its handy design, it is often used for military purposes. Revived under the name "Assault Rifle" as a shortened assault rifle (Service Rifle), this weapon now forms the link between the submachine gun and the assault rifle.

Box magazine: Rifle magazine from multi-loading rifles, also known as magazine box as an integrated magazine, otherwise removable.

Box lock: Lock of muzzle loading guns.

Chain link: (See shutter control piece).

Rear sight: The rear fixed or adjustable part of the open sight.

Break-open weapon: Weapon that is opened, loaded and sometimes cocked by tilting the barrel (or barrels). By tipping the barrel, break-barrel weapons can usually be dismantled without tools.

KK: (Abbreviation for small caliber (.22), rimfire cartridges only).

Knee joint closure: Locking system with a knee joint as the central component, a design of the straight pull lock.

piston

Part of the rifle stock, buttstock.
Part of air rifles actuated by spring pressure to compress air.

Combined weapon: Hunting rifle with rifle and shotgun barrel.

Compensator: Gas discharge in the muzzle area (upwards) to compensate for the tendency of the firearm muzzle to rise up in the shot.

grain: Front part of the open sights, partly protected or masked by a front sight guard or front sight tunnel. Different designs, e.g. B. bar, roof, pearl, ring or pointed grain.

Grain saddle: Also grain carriers. Structure near the muzzle as an attached or ring-shaped carrier of the grain.

Front sight: Front sight protection that also serves to shade the front sight to ensure better target acquisition in bright light conditions, mostly found on target rifles but also on military weapons.

Ball barrel: Drawn barrel, rifle barrel.

Handgun: Concept of gun law. Firearm less than 60 cm total length (German WaffG ).

L.

Mount: Movable weapon carrier for guns and machine guns, also mobile as a self-propelled gun carriage.

Long gun: Concept of gun law. Firearms over 60 cm total length (see WaffG ).

Run: Weapon part through which a projectile or projectile of firearms is accelerated and ensures a targeted and stable trajectory. Also referred to as a tube in the military field and for guns.

Barrel bulge: Damage to the barrel from material weakness, excessive gas pressure or from two bullets fired at each other in the barrel.

Running hook: Hook at the rear end of the barrel set, hooks into the receiver.

Running coat: The outside of the barrel also has additional or separate barrel outer wall material, differentiating it from the barrel core.

Running soul: The inside of the barrel, also the inside barrel, differentiation from the barrel jacket.

Lug lock: Also wart locking. Locking system in which the warts on the barrel grip into corresponding recesses in the lock.

Barrel root: Barrel root is the name of the start of the barrel on rifle or pistol barrels

Blank shot: Empty shot is the term used to describe the operation of a firing device without a projectile.

Flare gun: (See signal pistol)

Illuminated visor: Aiming device with self-illuminating aiming aids in the sights.

Lever action: See lever action rifles .

dragon-fly: Small spirit level as a target aid to prevent the weapon from tilting.

Lulling: Form-fitting application of the case to the cartridge chamber and sealing by the gas pressure of the resulting shot.

LMG: (Abbreviation for light machine gun).

Long stroke system: Gas pressure charger system in which the gas piston covers the same length of the bolt carrier.

matchlock: Ignition device with fuse and powder pan.

M.

magazine: Fixed, mobile or movable device for storing cartridge ammunition in multi-loader firearms. The revolver drum is both a magazine and a chamber.

Magazine cover: Lower cover of magazine boxes firmly connected to the locking system.

Magazine release button: Releases the magazine when actuated from the magazine slot, usually a structural unit with the magazine holder.

Magazine holder,: Holds the plug-in magazine in its position in the magazine slot, usually a structural unit with the magazine release button.

Magazine funnel: Funnel-shaped opening or a device attached at a later date to the magazine slot of large-caliber sport weapons or corresponding tuned weapons for quick magazine changes.

mark: Among other things, the common English designation for model or pattern for weapons.

brand

Arms manufacturer's mark.
Marking the optimal (individual) setting on target facilities.

Machine gun: Fully automatic military weapon that fires rifle cartridges, divided into LMG (light machine gun) and heavy and extra heavy machine guns.

Machine carabiners: Forerunner of today's assault rifle "Service Rifle", but above all of today's so-called "Assault Rifle".

Submachine gun: Light, fully automatic weapon for use with pistol cartridges. Modern submachine guns may also use the middle cartridges.

Machine gun: Another name for serial firearm.

Mass closure: Also spring-mass lock . The breech block does not lock with the barrel. The return movement of the breech block is delayed by the inertia of the mass of the breech block. The locking spring has only a minor influence on the delay.

Match weapon: Weapon for sporty shooting with high precision.

Multiple loading rifle: Weapon with which several shots can be fired manually without having to reload the weapon.

MG: (Abbreviation machine gun)

Micrometer sight: Open aiming device adjustable in height and side with fine adjustment.

Mk: (Abbreviation Mark).

Mkb: (Abbreviation for machine carabiners).

Monoblock: Piece of glasses with barrel hooks in which the barrel pair of a double shotgun is anchored in front of the receiver or the lock.

Assembly: Inclusion of optical aiming means.

MP: (Abbreviation submachine gun)

MPi: (Abbreviation machine gun).

muzzle: Front barrel or pipe end.

Muzzle brake: Compensator or high impact brake. Attachment at the end of the barrel or barrel, reduces the rise of the muzzle (muzzle jumping) through upward gas discharge. Mostly also to reduce recoil with very strong calibers.

Muzzle flash: Burning powder gases in front of the muzzle when firing from a firearm.

Flash hider: Reduces the visible muzzle flash through discharge, also serves to protect the muzzle physically in military use (see muzzle protector).

Muzzle velocity: V0, the projectile velocity at the muzzle, also the initial velocity, measured in m / s, in GB and USA in fps.

Muzzle protector: Cap, flap or lid as protection to cover the muzzle.

ammunition: Charge of the gun.

musket: Matchlock rifle with a smooth barrel, also a synonym for the flintlock shotgun.

Musketone: Rider carabiners.

N

Night visor: (See illuminated visor).

Needle prick: Shape of the trigger for the trigger trigger.

nut: Lock component on muzzle loading weapons.

Nutation: Oscillation of the projectile caused by the hot gases emerging from the muzzle behind the projectile.

O

Upper lever: Lock lever, on top of the gun.

Open sights: Aiming device, sights made of rear sight and front sight.

Oil shot: Shot from a barrel that has not been freed from the oil (corrosion protection).

Optical sights: Rifle scope or red dot sights, optical aiming means.

Orderly pistol: (See Ordonnanzwaffe).

Ordinance revolver: (See Ordonnanzwaffe).

Ordnance weapon: A standardized weapon officially introduced into the armed forces. Ordinance weapon even after retirement.

Organ gun: Gun with barrels / barrels arranged in bundles that are fired simultaneously or consecutively (in series).

P

Cartridge ejector (case ejector): (See ejector).

Cartridge extractor (case extractor): (See extractor).

Cartridge chamber: Bore behind or in the barrel into which the still unfired cartridge is loaded, drum bore on revolvers.

Percussion ignition: Type of ignition, the tap strikes a primer or primer mounted on the piston and ignites the powder charge.

Plaster can: Muzzle loading rifle for under-calibrated projectiles; the bullet is put into the barrel in a thin, greased or moistened cloth (the plaster).

Picatinny rail: The Picatinny rail is a standardized, toothed rail developed in the Picatinny Arsenal (USA) for the quick mounting of accessories on firearms.

gun: Single or multi-shot firearm in which the barrel and cartridge chamber form a unit.

Pistol grip

Part of the rifle stock, as a corresponding formation on the buttstock, for better handling of the weapon with the firing hand, in different sizes, more or less strong characteristics, depending on the area of application of the weapon.
Part of modern rifle stocks, as a free-standing pistol grip or as a pistol grip in a skeletonized (openwork) shaft, i.e. with a cutout for the thumb or part of the hand.
Part of the fore-end, for better handling of the weapon with the second hand, especially with automatic weapons or weapons with high energy.

Piston: Primer carriers, often interchangeable, of weapons with percussion ignition.

Polychoke: Attachment on the muzzle of a shotgun to reduce the shotgun coverage.

Polygon run: Barrel / tube with smooth guide fields instead of trains inside the barrel. Often executed as a hexagonal or octagonal profile by hammering.

Precision fire: Shelling a weapon with ammunition with special properties for precision measurement.

Precision rifle: (See sniper rifle).

Sniper rifle: Precision rifle for mostly official use (precision shot e.g. as a final rescue shot) by the police and the military, in the military sector, also known as a precision rifle due to different uses.

Prism / prisms: Optical element in (target) telescopes and binoculars to straighten the image.

Prism rail: Rail attached to a weapon in a downwardly tapering prism shape for the assembly (clamping) of aiming or sighting devices, aiming or sighting aids, various weapon accessories and handling devices.

Progressive twist: In the case of barrels and gun barrels with progressive twist, the angle of the trains or the polygonal barrel profile increases towards the front end of the barrel in order to optimize the rotational acceleration of the projectile.

PSG: (Abbreviation for sniper rifle).

Buffer cartridge: Also exercise or drill cartridge. Dummy or replica cartridge for gentle and safe testing of the loading, unloading and firing functions of the weapon, occasionally also, thanks to the appropriate construction, to intercept the firing pin during the trigger test.

Powder pan: Lock part of flintlock weapons .

Pump gun: Colloquial term for the forearm repeater (pump action). The German gun law defines a pump gun as a forearm repeater with pistol grip → prohibited object!

Hallmarking: Gripping surfaces on pistol grip shells or pistol grips on rifle stocks made of wood, roughened by strokes of rounded, fine pencils.

Q

Quarter choke: (See choke.)

Shotgun: Also Zwilling, a shotgun with two adjacent barrels.

R.

Race gun: Term for sport shooting in relation to z. B. Accuracy, speed and reliability modified firearms, in contrast to the stock gun.

Wheel lock: Lock of a muzzle loading weapon.

frame

Main part of the revolver that carries the drum crane with drum and the barrel. The take-off unit and drum transport are housed in the frame.
Component made of steel or aluminum profiles or tubes in which the locking system, the barrel and the trigger system are installed. Required stock parts, such as fore-end, cheek piece and butt plate, as well as aiming devices and aids, if necessary, are mounted on the frame.
Particularly wide design of the loading strip .

Frame bridge: The frame connection above the drum on revolvers.

Frame loader: Multi-loading weapon in which the cartridges are loaded into the magazine box using a loading frame.

Ransomware rest: Synonym for handgun insertion devices for determining the firing performance of the weapon, excluding external influences.

Receiver

Handle of the pistol (see handle).
Lock housing (see lock housing). With modern self-loading weapons also divided into "Upper Receiver" (upper breech block), the u. a. the slide spring takes up, and "Lower Receiver" (lower slide housing), which is connected to the barrel and u. a. the trigger group and the magazine. The housing parts are z. B. in the construction principle of the M16 model series and others for easy disassembly of the weapon.

Riding bar: Part of old cavalry weapons with a device for hooking onto the shoulder bandolier.

Repeat: Repeated movement of the breech by the shooter, during which the cases of fired cartridges, or non-fired cartridges, are pulled out of the chamber and ejected, as well as new cartridges are inserted into the chamber and the weapon is cocked.

Repeating weapon: Multi-loader weapon with ammunition feed.

revolver: Multi-shot handgun with rotatable barrel assembly or drum (this contains the ammunition supply as a magazine and, with the drum bore, also serves as a cartridge chamber), as a revolver rifle also in rifle design.

Revolver rifle: Also rotary, rifle with the revolver's multi-loading device.

Latch lock: Locking system.

Rifle: (Engl. For rifle, rifle with rifled barrel - rifled = fluted).

Ring grain: Ring-shaped front sight of the diopter sight.

Ring visor: Hole sight, also known as a hole rear sight, is one of the open sights.

pipe: Mainly the name of the barrel in guns, therefore often the military name for the barrel. Colloquial synonym for run.

Tubular magazine: Magazine for cartridge ammunition, in which the individual cartridges are in a row, which requires special projectile shapes (mostly flat head) to avoid unintentional ignition in the magazine. Constructive are; tubular magazines below the barrel, in the fore-end or in the butt: housed, non-removable magazines.

Roller lock: Semi-rigid locking locking system.

Rolling block closure: Locking system with a locking block that can be folded back.

Roll-over trigger: Double-action trigger without pressure point; Dragging trigger similar to the rifle trigger.

Round butt: Round handle shape of the revolver frame.

Blowbacks: Hot gases escape through the cartridge hole when firing. Indication of a defective firing pin, a defective cartridge case or a badly set primer.

Recoil: Backward part of the shot energy.

Recoil loader: Self-loading weapon that uses recoil (energy) to load and cock the weapon.

Rest rest: Also stop stop or half-position stop. Safety device that holds the hammer in an intermediate notch that is blocked for the trigger. If necessary, allows manual rotation of the drum on SA revolvers while the trigger cannot be pulled.

S.

SA: (Single-action trigger (cock tensioner system).)

SAA: (Single-Action-Army) Designation for old single-action revolvers mostly .45LC

Volley rifle: Rifle with barrel assemblies that can be fired simultaneously or one after the other.

Saddle rifle: Cavalry rifle.

Shaft: (See shaft).

shaft: Part or line of the rifle, as a carrier of the firearm components or as part / parts for handling (e.g. to stop the weapon).

silencer: Reduces the muzzle bang by breaking the sound waves, possibly also in connection with subsonic ammunition.

Sniper rifle: (See sniper rifle).

Hinge pin: Round pin on drop barrel rifles or modern assault rifles, which can serve as a transverse axis of the tilting barrels or to separate main components.

Disc sleeve: Target shooting rifle (very early sporting discipline).

Target gun: (See Free Pistol).

Disc socket: (See disk sleeve).

Slide tension: Switch from shotgun to rifle barrel on combined weapons.

Slide lock: Safety device, operated by pushing a lever or button.

Firing pin: Part of the trigger mechanism that accelerates the cartridge when it hits the primer of the cartridge ammunition using the hammer or hammer.

Mainspring: Stores the energy that the hammer, hammer or firing pin needs to function.

Impact piece: Comparable to the tap or hammer, but mostly hidden in the lock. Also as a structural unit with the firing pin in fully automatic machine guns.

Closing spring: Brings the closure or the closure piece into its closed, possibly locked, position.

Sledge: Closure of self-loading pistols.

Slide catch lever: Partly automated mechanism for keeping the self-loading pistol breech open, the slide, when the magazine is empty or when the magazine is removed (depending on the function).

Castle (weapon) , castle: Firearm ignition and trigger mechanism.

Snap-on lock: Forerunner of the flintlock constructions.

Rapid fire rifle: Rifle firing medium cartridges with automatic fire mechanism . Partial overlap with the assault rifle which fires medium cartridges .

Rapid fire pistol: Special match pistol for the Olympic discipline OSP (Olympic Rapid Fire Pistol), shot in .22 caliber short.

dovetail: Milled negative prism to hold the sights.

Tail screw: Screwed-in barrel termination muzzle-loading barrels / tubes.

Swivel bolt: (See support flap)

Soul axis: Axial line of the barrel bore.

Soul length: Length of the barrel / tube core, measured from the butt plate (closure) to the muzzle.

Sidelock: Lock inserted into the shaft on the side or on both sides with lock parts attached to a metal plate.

Self-loading rifle: Self-loading, multi-shot rifle that automatically reloads after firing a shot, but does not fire continuously.

Self-loading pistol: Self-loading, multi-shot pistol that automatically reloads after firing a shot, but does not fire continuously.

Self-loading weapon: Self-loading, multi-shot firearm that repeats independently. Synonymous with semi-automatic weapon .

SEM

Service rifle: Service rifle of the soldier, also colloquially assault rifle.

Short stroke system: Gas pressure charger system in which the gas piston travels a shorter distance than the bolt carrier for repeating. Most of the time, the gas piston only sends an energy pulse to the bolt carrier.

Shot gun: (Engl. For shotgun, rifle with smooth barrel - shot = shot).

Safety rest: (See rest rest).

Fuse: Device, manual or automatic, that prevents unintentional firing.

Signal pistol: Pistol for firing various pyrotechnic ammunition.

Signal pin: Pen, also color-coded, to indicate the charge status and / or the cocking status of the bolt of the firearm. You can find charging pins etc. a. on shotguns, combined weapons, but also on pistols.

Single-action trigger (cock tensioner system): Trigger system in which the hammer has to be cocked manually before firing a shot.

Clamping trigger: (See double-action trigger.)

Tension indicator: (See signal pin.)

Speedloader: Rapid reloading devices of various designs (as holders, clips, etc.) for drum revolvers. In addition, like magazines for pistols, speedloaders are easier to stow and guide.

Pawl: Locking element that fixes the barrel of the revolver in the desired position for firing after transport, the rotary movement. The interplay of rotation and fixation in the perfect position for the run is called “timing”.

Square butt: Angular handle shape of the revolver frame.

Stand support: Disc muzzle loading rifle.

Engraver: Trigger variant, by piercing and cocking the mortise lock, the trigger resistance is greatly reduced.

Flintlock: Firing mechanism of old muzzle loading weapons. A flint attached to the tap hits the battery with an ignition spark when it is pulled.

Control curve

Milling in the control piece below the cartridge chamber (barrel) on pistols with the Browning system, which enables the barrel to be tilted and the bolt to be unlocked.
Milling in locking cylinders (locking bolts) of straight-pull repeating systems or in locking pieces of self-loading weapons locked in order to convert the linear movement of the locking piece into an axial rotary movement for locking and unlocking the bolt.

Stgw: (Abbreviation assault rifle).

Pin ignition: Lefaucheux ignition . Ignition device in which the tap strikes a steel pin that also protrudes from the side of the cartridge case to ignite the cartridge.

Stick gun: Designation for standard firearms, in contrast to the race gun.

Shock bottom: Rear support for the cartridge ammunition with the breech closed

Assault rifle: Original propaganda term for machine carbines. Today synonymous with modern rifles firing medium cartridges with the option of fire ( single and continuous fire ). Partial overlap with the rapid-fire rifle which fires rifle cartridges .

Support: Short rifle with a full stock reaching to the muzzle.

Support flap: Swivel bolts too. Locking system for closures. A pivotable flap attached to the lock or lock housing, which engages in a recess on the housing or lock for locking and thus prevents the lock from running back.

Suhl hook assembly: A tool-free assembly for attaching telescopic sights to handguns.

system: General term for the breech including the breech block of firearms.

System box: Lock housing.

T

Take down: Long guns mainly used in hunting, which can be dismantled into two parts for transport by removing the barrel without tools. Analogous to the screw lock on guns, the barrel and housing have an interrupted thread that can be loosened by a quarter turn.

Taper barrel: The barrel tapers from the chamber to the muzzle.

Tercerol: Muzzle loading pistol (single or multiple barrel), blank gun, also for driven hunt.

Tesching

Small, mostly single-shot, small caliber pocket pistol.
Light small bore rifle.

timing: The interaction of rotating and fixing a revolver drum in the perfect position for the barrel.

Transfer bar: Part in the revolver lock that transfers the hammer's impact energy to the firing pin (firing pin) mounted in the frame.

Trigger stop: (See trigger stop).

Triple lock: Three-point drum locking on turrets.

Tromblon: Muzzle loading weapon with a funnel-shaped barrel muzzle.

Drum crane: Laterally swiveling drum mount of the revolver.

Tschinke: Wheel lock sleeve.

U

Transition cone: Funnel-shaped transition from the chamber to the barrel.

Practice run: (See insert barrel).

Underlug: Additional weight mounted under the barrel to balance the weapon or to calm the weapon when firing.

V

V ₀: Muzzle or initial velocity of the bullet when leaving the barrel.

Varmint: Small caliber, below the .30 caliber, weapons / ammunition for hunting small predators and rodents (am. Engl. Pest).

Ventilated rail: Ventilated or openwork visor rail designed to prevent flickering over the barrel.

Locked recoil loader: Self-loading and automatic guns with rigidly locked breeches. When firing, the barrel and slide run back together until the slide is mechanically unlocked.

Locking wart: (See wart lock).

Clasp: Rear end of the barrel, counter bearing of the cartridge.

Closure distance: Distance between the case base and the butt base.

Lock housing: Contains the parts of the lock and possibly the lock.

Lock box: (See lock housing).

Shutter control piece: Element of the Browning system for controlling the tilting barrel for locking and unlocking. In modern designs, the control element as a chain link has been replaced by closed fixed control cams or control cams in an open hook shape.

Locking piece: A component similar to the locking cylinder of semi-automatic or fully automatic firearms with construction-related different structures in locking and unlocking versions.

Bolt carrier: The bolt carrier is used to lock self-loading systems and usually contains the control cam for locking the bolt.

Locking cylinder: Cylindrical locking piece of the cylinder lock. The front end is the shock base, possibly with a hole for the firing pin. In addition to the firing pin, the locking cylinder usually also accommodates the striking spring, the firing pin spring and the extractor. At the rear end, the locking cylinder is locked by the lock with the safety device. In the case of lug locks, in contrast to bolt stem locks, the locking lugs that lock in the lock sleeve or in the barrel are located on the front part of the lock cylinder. With bolt action rifles, the bolt handle is also attached to the rear of the bolt cylinder.

Delayed mass closure: In the case of self-loading and automatic weapons with delayed mass locking, the return of the bolt head is slowed down by a mechanism until the gas pressure in the barrel has largely decreased.

Quadruplets: Combined weapon with two shotgun and two rifle barrels.

Sights: Target facility.

Fully automatic: Colloquial term for row arms, synonym for machine guns.

Muzzle loader: Firearm loaded into the barrel from the front.

Forend: The shaft or part of the shaft located in front of the breech block of the weapon.

Advance ignition: When automatic weapons with pre-ignition are to be fired, the cartridge is ignited shortly before the breech or system hits the stop. The use of the kinetic energy of the advancing bolt allows it to be made lighter ( MG FF ), and the weapon shakes less when firing ( Lmg 25 ).

Preference: Trigger travel before the pressure point.

W.

Ranger: Combined weapon with two shotgun barrels and one small bore rifle barrel.

Wart locking: Bolt locking by means of lugs located on the bolt cylinder or bolt, which engage in corresponding recesses in the bolt sleeve (system sleeve) or the barrel and lock the bolt (bolt system). The warts can be designed in pairs or multiple and / or in several rows, depending on the strength of the closure. In the case of the barrel lug lock, several lugs above the barrel, in the area of the cartridge chamber, engage in corresponding recesses in the breech (slide) for locking.

Change choke: Interchangeable chokes (see choke).

Interchangeable barrel: Barrel of a different caliber or length than the original weapon to adapt to different uses of the weapon, with the same slide.

Change system: Barrel and breech, possibly also with a magazine of a different caliber than the original weapon to adapt to different uses of the weapon.

Turner: Pistol with two rotatable barrels arranged one below the other, which can be shot one after the other after turning, turning.

Winter deduction: Trigger moved out of the trigger guard by means of a translation, for use with gloves.

Winter trigger guard: Trigger with enlarged or removable trigger guard, for use with gloves.

Choke hole: (See choke).

Z

ZF: (Abbr. Rifle scope)

target: Desired point of action of firearms and firearms.

Aim help: Facility to support the target means.

Target means: Any sighting device

Rifle scope: Aiming aid with optical magnification.

Room connection: Rifle for firing round balls from rimfire cartridge ammunition in closed rooms, formerly a toy.

Feeder, feeder piece: Part that uses the pressure of the feeder spring (magazine spring) to feed cartridges to the breech block. Often, catch devices on the feeder are used for their function.

Needle gun: In the war Franco-German 1870-71 employed German breech-loading rifle with bolt action and needle-firing pin, see also Chassepot

train: Spiral recess in the inside of the barrel, trains are separated by fields in order to set the bullet in rotation.

Tension: Distance between two opposing trains in the run.

Shooting up: The breech is open when the shot is released. When you pull it off, the slide snaps forward, takes a cartridge into the chamber and ignites it. Movement in the weapon is detrimental to precision.

Bipod: Fixed or removable support device in the fore-end area of a weapon.