Kimura Hisashi

Kimura Hisashi ( Japanese 木村栄 ; born October 4, 1870 in Kanazawa , † September 26, 1943 in Setagaya ) was a Japanese astronomer and geodesist .

Life

Hisashi Kimura studied astronomy under Terao Hisashi and geophysics under Tanakadate Aikitsu at the Imperial University of Tokyo . He then examined for the "Research Group Earthquake Prevention " ( Shinsai Yobō Chōsakai ) the relationship between the occurrence of earthquakes and the change in astronomical latitude due to the polar movement , d. H. the periodic circular motion of the earth's axis of rotation in relation to a fixed-earth coordinate system ( Chandler wobble ), discovered in 1891 by the American astronomer Seth Carlo Chandler . In 1898 he took part in an international cooperation in Potsdam for the precise determination of these changes, which resulted in his being appointed first director of the International Latitude Observatory in Mizusawa in 1899 , where he held this post until 1941. In 1902 he demonstrated an annual pole height variation that was independent of the pole movement and introduced a term called z- member to describe the pole movement, which is also called the Kimura member.

Awards

In 1911 he received the first ever Imperial Prize from the Japanese Academy of Sciences for his discovery , in 1936 the gold medal of the Royal Astronomical Society and the Asahi Culture Prize, and in 1937 was one of the first winners of the Japanese Order of Culture .

The lunar crater Kimura and the asteroid (6233) Kimura were named after him.

Web links

Address by the President of the RAS at the presentation of the gold medal (English)
Obituary (English)
Kimura, Hisashi | Portraits of Modern Japanese Historical Figures ( National Diet Library )

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c 木村栄 . In: 日本大百科全書 at kotobank.jp. Retrieved May 1, 2015 (Japanese).
^ Thomas Hockey: The Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers . Springer, 2009, ISBN 978-0-387-31022-0 , pp. 1204-1205 , doi : 10.1007 / 978-1-4419-9917-7_768 .
^ Alfred Berroth : Gravity measurements . In: Handbook of Physics . Volume II. Elementary Units and Their Measurement. Julius Springer, 1926, p. 481 ( limited preview in Google Book search).

personal data
SURNAME	Kimura, Hisashi
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	木村栄 (Japanese)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	Japanese astronomer
DATE OF BIRTH	October 4, 1870
PLACE OF BIRTH	Kanazawa
DATE OF DEATH	September 26, 1943
Place of death	Setagaya

[:0-1] 木村栄 . In: 日本大百科全書 at kotobank.jp. Retrieved May 1, 2015 (Japanese).

[2] Thomas Hockey: The Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers . Springer, 2009, ISBN 978-0-387-31022-0 , pp. 1204-1205 , doi : 10.1007 / 978-1-4419-9917-7_768 .

[3] Alfred Berroth : Gravity measurements . In: Handbook of Physics . Volume II. Elementary Units and Their Measurement. Julius Springer, 1926, p. 481 ( limited preview in Google Book search).