Brunsbüttel high bridge
Coordinates: 53 ° 55 ′ 18 ″ N , 9 ° 11 ′ 45 ″ E
| Brunsbüttel high bridge | ||
|---|---|---|
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| Convicted | Bundesstrasse 5 | |
| Subjugated | Kiel Canal | |
| place | Brunsbuettel | |
| construction | Steel truss bridge | |
| overall length | 2830.8 m | |
| width | 21.8 m / 24.4 m | |
| Longest span | 48.8 m / 237 m | |
| Construction height | 3.5 m / 15.3 m | |
| height | 44 m | |
| Clear height | 42 m | |
| start of building | 1979 | |
| completion | 1983 | |
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The viaduct Brunsbüttel is with 2831 m the longest bridge over the Kiel Canal and thus one of the longest bridges in Germany .
The structure is part of the federal highway 5 and lies east of Brunsbüttel . It spans the Kiel Canal at a crossing angle of 58 degrees with four lanes at a maximum height of around 44 m. The ramp inclines are 3.97% in the western section and 2.77% in the eastern section. Due to the subsidence-sensitive subsoil, only dams up to a maximum height of 7 m were possible and therefore the long ramp bridges were necessary. The clear passage height for ships at the canal bridge is 42 m. The bridge train was built between 1979 and 1983.
Western ramp
The western ramp bridge is a prestressed concrete girder bridge with a superstructure that has the continuous girder as a structural system in the longitudinal direction . The longitudinal forces are carried by three pillars in the middle of the bridge. In the transverse direction, the superstructure has a single-cell box girder cross-section with a 21.8 m wide carriageway slab and a 7.4 m wide floor slab. The cantilevered deck is supported by inclined prefabricated struts at a distance of 2.0 m. The construction height is 3.5 m and is constant. The prestressing consists of internal tendons in the longitudinal and transverse directions . The total length for the 19-span bridge is 911.44 m, with spans of 33.29 m - 17 × 48.8 m - 48.55 m. The bridge is completed by a 43.3 m long towing structure, which bridges settlement differences of a maximum of 1.7 m between the structure and the dam. Expansion joints are arranged on both abutments and above the two dividing pillars ; the largest displacements in the longitudinal direction can be a maximum of 0.6 m long.
The pillars have a rectangular two-cell hollow cross-section with external dimensions of 6.9 m × 2.5 m and external wall thicknesses of 30 cm. They are between 6.2 m and 38.7 m high. The foundation is made with 11.9 m × 7.6 m large pile head plates, which are usually 2.0 m thick and are supported by 29 to 52 in-situ concrete driven piles with a diameter of 61 cm and a length of 16 to 22 m.
The production was carried out field by field with a 1000 t advancing armor .
Eastern ramp
The construction of the eastern ramp bridge corresponds to the bridge opposite. However, the structure is longer. It has 29 fields with a length of 1371.25 m and spans of 48.55 m - 24 × 48.8 m - 40.9 m - 39.6 m - 36.25 m - 34.75 m. In addition, in the last five fields in front of the east abutment, the bridge width has been increased to 25.3 m and the construction height has been reduced to 2.15 m for an exit lane. This section was made with a falsework .
During the construction work, milk-lime-like water deposits were found in the area of the longitudinal tendons on the eastern bridge. Therefore, 653 tendon couplings were drilled and examined endoscopically. Due to insufficient filling of the tendons with grout, 138 small and 17 large cavities were found. The cavities were subsequently filled. The construction costs of the two prestressed concrete bridges amounted to 104 million DM.
Canal bridge
Above the canal there is a three-span postless strut truss bridge made of steel with a total span of 461.5 m. The individual bay widths are 112.15 m - 237.00 m - 112.15 m. In the longitudinal direction, the continuous beam is the building system. The construction height is 15.3 m and the bridge width 24.4 m, with a center distance of the main truss girders of 21.6 m. The construction was built in the cantilever .
The 42 m high canal and dividing pillars have a rectangular two-cell hollow cross-section with external dimensions of 12.0 m × 6.0 m at the base and external wall thicknesses of 60 cm. The shafts taper upwards in the longitudinal direction of the bridge. In the transverse direction, they are spread out like a hammer head at the top to support the canal bridge over 24.4 m. The foundation of the dividing pillars is carried out with 17.5 m × 9.7 m large pile head plates, 2.25 m thick on in-situ concrete driven piles with a diameter of 61 cm through 20 m thick watery clay soil . The canal pillars stand on 21.5 m high caissons with external dimensions of 20.0 m × 21.5 m.
Building material consumption
5,000 t of structural steel were used for the steel truss bridge, 76,000 m³ of concrete as well as 7,500 t of reinforcing steel and 1,200 t of prestressing steel were used for the prestressed concrete bridges . 1,165 piles with 20,800 pile meters were driven.
literature
- Konrad Zilch , Jörg Weise, Werner Brünnig: Brunsbüttel high bridge over the Kiel Canal - design, construction, calculation and construction. In: Concrete and reinforced concrete construction. Issue 10/1983.
- Wolfgang Steinbrücker, Konrad Zilch: The construction of the Brunsbüttel high bridge over the Kiel Canal . In: Concrete and reinforced concrete construction. Issue 4/1986
- Federal Ministry of Transport: Damage to bridges and other engineering structures - Documentation 1994 Verkehrblatt-Verlag Dortmund, ISBN 3-89273-069-5
