Equal winged
The division of living beings into systematics is a continuous subject of research. Different systematic classifications exist side by side and one after the other. The taxon treated here has become obsolete due to new research or is not part of the group systematics presented in the German-language Wikipedia.
The equal winged (Homoptera) are a group of plant sap sucking insects . They belong to the order of the Schnabelkerfe (Hemiptera). The constant winged include the cicadas (Auchenorrhyncha) and the plant lice (Sternorrhyncha). It is a paraphylum with the constant winged , because all common features are plesiomorphies . Findings based on molecular biological investigations into the relationships between the Hemiptera and the "Homoptera" divide the Schnabelkerfe into five sub-categories, whereby the terms "Homoptera" and "Auchenorrhyncha" are to be regarded as obsolete:
- Round-headed leafhoppers (Cicadomorpha = Clypeorrhyncha)
- Pointed-head cicadas (Fulgoromorpha = Archaeorrhyncha)
- Plant lice (Sternorrhyncha)
- Bed bugs (heteroptera)
- Sheath beak (coleorrhyncha)
literature
- Th. Bourgoin & BC Cambell (2002): Inferring a Phylogeny for Hemiptera: Falling into the "Autapomorphic Trap". In: Denisia 4, NF 176: 67-82. ISBN 3-85474-077-8 .
- BC Campbell, JD Steffen-Campbell, JT Sorensen & RJ Gill (1995): Paraphyly of Homoptera and Auchenorrhyncha inferred from 18S rDNA nucleotide sequences. Systematic Entomology 1995, 20: 175-194.
- JT Sorensen, BC Campbell, RJ Gill & JD Steffen-Campbell (1995): Non-monophyly of Auchenorrhyncha ("Homoptera"), based upon 18S rDNA phylogeny: eco-evolutionary and cladistic implications within pre-heteropterodea Hemiptera (sl) and a proposal for new monophyletic suborders. Pan-Pacific Entomologist: 71 (1): 31-60.
- CD by Dohlen & NA Moran (1995): Molecular phylogeny of the Homoptera: a paraphyletic taxon. Journal of Molecular Evolution, 41: 211-223.