Hosanna
Hosanna or Hosanna is a supplication or cheer to God or King (Hebrew: הוֹשִׁיעָה נָּא: Hoschana, "Help it!") And actually consists of the two words "Hoschia Na". It forms a recurring invocation that has found its way into the Hallel prayers, the psalms of praise. In the course of time - also in the Jewish liturgy - there was a change in meaning towards a call to salvation that Christians sing on Palm Sunday and that is found in the Catholic and Orthodox Eucharistic celebrations as well as in the Protestant communion liturgy in the Sanctus .
The expression appears in the gospels of the Bible in connection with the entry of Christ on a donkey into Jerusalem in the formula “Hos (i) anna the son of David! Blessed be he who comes in the name of the Lord! Hosanna in the highest ! ”(So Mt 21,9 EU ; with similar formulations Mk 11,9f EU ; Joh 12,13 EU ; also Lk 19,28 EU , but here the expression“ Hosanna ”is dispensed with). According to the evangelical order of worship, this passage is read out as the gospel on two Sundays in the church year: on Palm Sunday ( Joh 12.12–19 EU ) and on the 1st of Advent (Mt 21.1–9). In the Sanctus of the Mass, too, it is a greeting, namely to the Christ who is sacramentally present.
The Aramaic expression hoscha 'na (from which the form hosanna of the Greek New Testament and Catholic liturgy; Hebrew hoschia' na ; from this form Luther derived his hosianna ) is with the Hebrew form of the name " Jesus ", "Jehoshua" ( YHWH is Rescue), related. Hebrew word root ישע.
Originally the expression comes from the 118th Psalm , verse 25 EU according to the Hebrew (corresponds to the Evangelical) count (also the standard translation) or the 117th (from the Greek, corresponds to the traditional Catholic count). There it is mostly not left standing in non-Hebrew Bibles, but translated; German Bibles often have “Oh, Lord, help!” or something similar. This Psalm is in Judaism a highlight of Passover - liturgy , which at the time of Jesus even in a big way in the Temple in Jerusalem was celebrated. Since Jesus came to Jerusalem for the Feast of Passover, this ardent call to prayer was evidently related to him and God's help was expected through him. But anyone who understood this to mean the forcible expulsion of the Romans was disappointed when they carried out the crucifixion on Jesus.
In the Jewish liturgy, prayers with the repeated invocation of hoschia 'na can be found especially on the seventh day of Sukkot , which is therefore also known as the "Great Hosanna". On the Sukkot holidays, these words gain special weight when the procession with the festive bouquet, lulav, takes place in the synagogues. Hoshana is one of those Hebrew words that has been adopted into the Gentile liturgy as "Hosanna".
The oldest bell in the Freiburg Minster is called Hosanna . It dates from 1258 and is one of the oldest bells of this size (diameter 1607 mm, weight 3290 kg).
literature
- Frank C. Thompson: Thompson Study Bible . 5th edition, 2003, in the chain index p. 1603.
- Brockhaus encyclopedia. Volume 12: Hemp-Hurr. 21st edition. Brockhaus, Leipzig / Mannheim 2008, ISBN 978-3-765-34312-4 , p. 724.
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ Luth. Liturgical Conference (Ed.): Book of Pericopes. With a lesson. 4th edition. Hanover 1990, pp. 21, 192 f.