Hyper-V

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Hyper-V
Basic data

developer Microsoft Corp.
Current  version Windows Server 2019
(July 6, 2019)
operating system Microsoft Windows
category Virtualization , type 1 hypervisor
License Microsoft EULA ( Closed Source )
German speaking Yes
https://docs.microsoft.com/de-de/virtualization/hyper-v-on-windows/

Hyper-V is a hypervisor -based virtualization technology from Microsoft for computers with an x64 -capable x86 processor . Hyper-V is available both as an integral part of the server operating systems (e.g. Windows Server 2016 Standard and Datacenter) and in the form of a standalone version (e.g. Microsoft Hyper-V Server 2016). In addition, the Pro and Enterprise editions of the Windows 8 and Windows 10 client operating systems contain Hyper-V technology. In all of these products, Hyper-V is either active by default or can be installed as a component if required. The standalone version Microsoft Hyper-V Server 2016 is available free of charge and corresponds to a Windows Server 2016 installation in the Core Edition without a graphical user interface and with the Hyper-V role activated.

features

  • Complete isolation of the individual systems
  • Hardware-level security functions can be used, e.g. Data Execution Prevention (DEP)
  • Hyper-V supports Network Address Translation (NAT) and Network Access Protection (NAP)
  • Management via the Microsoft Management Console (MMC)
  • In cluster operation, the Hyper-V can carry out so-called live migrations . This allows virtual machines to be moved during operation.
  • Since Windows Server 2012, so-called shared nothing live migrations can be carried out. Here, virtual machines are moved between Hyper-V servers without the hosts having to run in a cluster.
  • Windows Server 2008, Windows Server 2008 R2, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012, Windows Server 2012 R2, Windows 10, Windows Server 2016 and Windows Server 2019 can be used as host systems

A guest system can be assigned up to 64 processors and 1 terabyte of RAM.

Availability

The hypervisor is delivered in two versions: As a server role or operating system feature (e.g. in Windows Server 2016 or Windows 10) and as a stand-alone product (e.g. Microsoft Hyper-V Server 2016). The latter version is free of charge, but does not include any licenses required for the guest system. In addition, this version can only be used in core operation, which is simplified by using PowerShell (PsHyper-V). These are the only restrictions compared to the paid version.

Areas of application

Hyper-V can be used effectively in many scenarios - both for the virtualization of entire data centers and for smaller environments. In addition, the entire network configuration can be carried out without third-party tools (e.g. NIC teaming and VLAN configuration). a. also the virtualization of entire switches (vSwitch). For additional functionality provides System Center Virtual Machine Manager (SCVMM), which for managing VMs and hosts u. a. based on Hyper-V can be used.

With the version available in Windows 8 and Windows 10, Hyper-V can also be used for client virtualization. However, it should be noted that after activating Hyper-V, the root operating system itself runs in a privileged virtual machine. B. problems with latency-critical real-time applications. This is why it is wrong with Hyper-V to speak of a "host OS" for the root OS and a "guest OS" for the child systems, since both (root OS and child systems) are executed on one level.

Supported guest systems

In addition to some Windows versions, Microsoft also officially supports some Linux distributions and FreeBSD.

  • CentOS and Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.2 - 5.11, 6.0 - 6.9, 7.0 - 7.4
  • Debian 7.0-7.11, 8.0-8.11, 9.0-9.12, 10.0-10.3
  • FreeBSD 8.4, 9.1 - 9.3, 10.0 - 10.3, 11.0 - 11.1
  • SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 (SP3 + 4), 12 (SP1 - 4), 15
  • OpenSUSE 12.3
  • Ubuntu 12.04 LTS, 14.04 LTS, 16.04 LTS, 16.10, 17.04, 18.04 LTS, 18.04.01 LTS

Starting with Windows 8, Windows XP Home and older versions are no longer supported in virtual mode. A list of all supported operating systems is available from Microsoft TechNet . Since the Linux kernel version 2.6.32, the Hyper-V Integration Components have been an integral part and can also be easily activated in other Linux distributions. As of CentOS 6.4, the drivers for Hyper-V are included directly in the distribution packages. Hyper-V has officially supported FreeBSD since 2012. As of version 6.6 of RHEL and CentOS, execution in a second generation virtual machine is also supported.

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hyper-V: Using Hyper-V and Failover Clustering on Microsoft TechNet (English)
  2. ↑ Microsoft Hyper-V Server 2012 product page (English). Archived from the original on October 5, 2013 ; accessed on February 14, 2018 .
  3. ↑ Shared Nothing Live Migration on Windows Server 2012 . Technet Blog, July 23, 2012.
  4. ↑ Server virtualization. (No longer available online.) Microsoft Corporation, archived from the original on November 28, 2013 ; Retrieved August 29, 2013 .
  5. ↑ How to get Hyper-V. Microsoft Corporation, accessed February 16, 2018 .
  6. ↑ Michel Luescher: Management Console comparison between Hyper-V and Virtual Machine Manager. In: Server Talk. February 13, 2010.
  7. ↑ Wolfgang Sommergut: Client Hyper-V in Windows 8: only for test environments, not for end users. In: WindowsPro.de , September 12, 2011.
  8. ↑ Jens Ihlenfeld: Hyper-V: Windows 8 comes with built-in virtualization. In: golem.de , September 8, 2011.
  9. ↑ DaniHalfin: Supported CentOS and Red Hat Enterprise Linux virtual machines on Hyper-V. Retrieved January 31, 2018 (American English).
  10. ↑ shirgall: Supported Debian virtual machines on Hyper-V. Retrieved January 31, 2018 (American English).
  11. ↑ shirgall: Supported FreeBSD virtual machines on Hyper-V. Retrieved January 31, 2018 (American English).
  12. ↑ shirgall: Supported SuSE virtual computers on Hyper-V. Accessed April 9, 2020 (German).
  13. ↑ shirgall: Supported Ubuntu virtual machines on Hyper-V. Retrieved January 31, 2018 (American English).
  14. ^ About Virtual Machines and Guest Operating Systems In: Microsoft TechNet. July 15, 2014 (English).
  15. ↑ Michel Luescher: How-To: Virtualizing Linux with Hyper-V. In: Server Talk. April 2, 2010.
  16. ↑ Tim Schürmann: CentOS 6.4 brings Hyper-V drivers. In: admin-magazin.de , March 11, 2013.
  17. ↑ Anandeep Pannu: Available Today: FreeBSD support for Windows Server Hyper-V. In: Microsoft TechNet Blog. August 9, 2012 (English).