Hyperinsulinism

Hyperinsulinism and hyperinsulinemia ; ( English : hyperinsulinism , hyperinsulinemia ) refer to a condition with an above normal level of increased concentration of the hormone insulin in the blood . If one differentiates conceptually according to hyperinsulinemia, one understands by it that a normal state may only occur sporadically or only briefly, while -ism is intended to denote a general or persistent, i.e. more of a chronic phenomenon.

Mechanisms

Responsible for hyperinsulinism is either an overproduction of the pancreas with or without impairment of the action of insulin or a disturbance in the breakdown of insulin. The first-mentioned cause is the most common, and both causes may also occur in combination. Reasons for an overproduction of insulin can on the one hand be a reaction of the pancreas to increased insulin resistance (e.g. in connection with metabolic disorders such as metabolic syndrome , type 2 diabetes mellitus , polycystic ovarian syndrome or a vitamin D ₃ deficiency ). On the other hand, tumors ( insulinomas ) or islet cell hyperplasias of the pancreas can lead to increased insulin production. The latter occurs u. a. as a genetic disorder in newborns and children (→ congenital hyperinsulinism ).

Hyperinsulinemia can occur temporarily or continuously at any age (hyperinsulinism) and causes hypoglycaemia with sweating, rapid heartbeat, poor circulation and panic attacks. If the symptoms are not recognized in good time and without counter-regulation by the supply of short-term usable carbohydrates , it can lead to severe hypoglycaemia up to loss of consciousness and ultimately death.

Treatment for hyperinsulinism depends on the underlying cause.

diagnosis

In the case of hypoglycemia, insulin levels above 3 μU / ml are abnormal when the glucose level is below 50 mg / dL (2.8 mmol / L).

In the case of insulin resistance, fasting insulin levels above 20 μU / ml are suspect; in severe cases of resistance, insulin levels above 100 μU / ml can occur.

history

The fact that spontaneous hyperinsulinemia can be a cause of the symptoms of hypoglycemia was first suggested by Seale Harris in 1924 in the Journal of the American Medical Association , he also made the first diagnosis .

Web links

• Portal for parents of children with hyperinsulinism of the "Kongenitaler Hyperinsulinismus e. V. "
• Collaborative Alliance for Congenital Hyperinsulinism

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Vitamin D status and PTH in young men: a cross-sectional study on associations with bone mineral density, body composition and glucose metabolism . PMID 20718769
2. ^ Seale Harris: Hyperinsulinism and disinsulinism . (PDF) In: Journal of the American Medical Association . 83, No. 10, 1924, pp. 729-33. ISSN  0098-7484 . Retrieved April 25, 2010. "Quote from the original article:" Conclusions:
   1. Hyperinsulinism is a condition, perhaps a disease entity, with definite symptoms; i. e. those described as being due to hypoglycemia.
   2. It seems probable that one of the causes of hyperinsulinism is the excessive ingestion of glucose-forming foods […] "Lite for Life is a weight loss company that, for a fee, will help you stick to the recommendations given by Seale Harris . In the above Lay Summary, they therefore see all this from a comercial weight-loss point of view. "
3. ^ Restore Your Health Safely and Sensibly . In: Liteforlife.com . Archived from the original on January 26, 2007. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 24, 2007. 

This article is about a health issue. It is not used for self-diagnosis and does not replace a diagnosis by a doctor. Please note the information on health issues !