ISO 15919

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ISO 15919 is an ISO standard for transliterating Indian scripts into the Latin alphabet.

It is largely based on IAST (with some differences), but extends it to include sounds that do not exist in Sanskrit.

The following table represents ISO 15919 and is available as PDF .

ISO Devanagari Bengali Gurmukhi Gujarati Oriya Tamil Telugu Kannada Malayalam Sinhala Remarks
a अ অ ਅ અ ଅ அ అ ಅ അ අ The inherent a is basically written even when it is not spoken.
- आ আ ਆ આ ଆ ஆ ఆ ಆ ആ ආ  
æ                   ඇ  
ǣ                   ඈ  
i इ ই ਇ ઇ ଇ இ ఇ ಇ ഇ ඉ  
ī ई ঈ ਈ ઈ ଈ ஈ ఈ ಈ ഈ ඊ  
u उ উ ਉ ઉ ଉ உ ఉ ಉ ഉ උ  
ū ऊ ঊ ਊ ઊ ଊ ஊ ఊ ಊ ഊ ඌ  
ŭ                 ്   As the last character ŭ, except for individual letters.
r̥ ऋ ঋ   ઋ ଋ   ఋ ಋ ഋ ඍ  
r̥̄ ॠ ৠ   ૠ ୠ   ౠ ೠ ൠ ඎ  
l̥ ऌ ঌ   ઌ ଌ   ఌ ಌ ഌ ඏ  
l̥̄ ॡ ৡ   ૡ ୡ   ౡ ೡ ൡ ඐ  
e ऎ         எ ఎ ಎ എ එ  
ē ए এ ਏ એ ଏ ஏ ఏ ಏ ഏ ඒ  
ê ऍ     ઍ              
ai ऐ ঐ ਐ ઐ ଐ ஐ ఐ ಐ ഐ ඓ  
O ऒ         ஒ ఒ ಒ ഒ ඔ  
O ओ ও ਓ ઓ ଓ ஓ ఓ ಓ ഓ ඕ  
O ऑ     ઑ              
ouch औ ঔ ਔ ઔ ଔ ஔ ఔ ಔ ഔ ඖ  
ṁ ं ং ਂ ં ଂ ஂ ం ಂ ം ං In Malayalam, an anusvara is always circumscribed with m at the end of the word . With a full vowel, ṁ, ṃ and m̐ are written after the vowel, with a half vowel before the vowel.
ṃ      ੰ               With a full vowel, ṁ, ṃ and m̐ are written after the vowel, with a half vowel before the vowel.
m̐ ँ ঁ ਁ ઁ ଁ   Not in Unicode         With a full vowel, ṁ, ṃ and m̐ are written after the vowel, with a half vowel before the vowel.
n̆             ఁ        When the sign is used for nasalization, it is written as a tilde above the corresponding vowel.
H ः ঃ ਃ ઃ ଃ   ః ಃ ഃ ඃ  
H ᳵ             ೱ      
H ᳶ             ೲ      
ḵ           ஃ          
k क ক ਕ ક କ க క ಕ ക ක  
kh ख খ ਖ ખ ଖ   ఖ ಖ ഖ ඛ  
G ग গ ਗ ગ ଗ   గ ಗ ഗ ග  
gh घ ঘ ਘ ઘ ଘ   ఘ ಘ ഘ ඝ  
ṅ ङ ঙ ਙ ઙ ଙ ங ఙ ಙ ങ ඞ  
n̆g                   ඟ In Pali, the half nasal is always transliterated like the corresponding full nasal.
c च চ ਚ ચ ଚ ச చ ಚ ച ච  
ĉ             ౘ        
ch छ ছ ਛ છ ଛ   ఛ ಛ ഛ ඡ  
j ज জ ਜ જ ଜ ஜ జ ಜ ജ ජ  
century झ ঝ ਝ ઝ ଝ   ఝ ಝ ഝ ඣ  
ñ ञ ঞ ਞ ઞ ଞ ஞ ఞ ಞ ഞ ඤ  
n̆j                   ඦ In Pali, the half nasal is always transliterated like the corresponding full nasal.
ṭ ट ট ਟ ટ ଟ ட ట ಟ ട ට  
ṭh ठ ঠ ਠ ઠ ଠ   ఠ ಠ ഠ ඨ  
ḍ ड ড ਡ ડ ଡ   డ ಡ ഡ ඩ  
ṛ ड़ ড় ੜ   ଡ଼            
ḍh ढ ঢ ਢ ઢ ଢ   ఢ ಢ ഢ ඪ  
ṛh ढ़ ঢ়     ଢ଼            
ṇ ण ণ ਣ ણ ଣ ண ణ ಣ ണ ණ  
n̆ḍ                   ඬ In Pali, the half nasal is always transliterated like the corresponding full nasal.
t त ত ਤ ત ତ த త ತ ത ත  
th थ থ ਥ થ ଥ   థ ಥ ഥ ථ  
d द দ ਦ દ ଦ   ద ದ ദ ද  
ie ध ধ ਧ ધ ଧ   ధ ಧ ധ ධ  
n न ন ਨ ન ନ ந న ನ ന න  
n̆d                    ඳ In Pali, the half nasal is always transliterated like the corresponding full nasal.
p प প ਪ પ ପ ப ప ಪ പ ප  
ph फ ফ ਫ ફ ଫ   ఫ ಫ ഫ ඵ  
b ब ব ਬ બ ବ   బ ಬ ബ බ  
bra भ ভ ਭ ભ ଭ   భ ಭ ഭ භ  
m म ম ਮ મ ମ ம మ ಮ മ ම  
m̆b                   ඹ In Pali, the half nasal is always transliterated like the corresponding full nasal.
ṟ ऱ         ற ఱ ಱ റ   ർ in combination with a consonant, r is transliterated, at the end of the word in Malayalam ṟ (not necessarily for other languages).
ṯ                 ഺ    
ṉ ऩ         ன     ഩ    
ḻ ऴ         ழ Not in Unicode ೞ ഴ    
y य য ਯ ય ଯ ய య ಯ യ ය  
ẏ य़ য়     ୟ           The letter y is transliterated after a consonant , except after ẏ itself.
r र র ਰ ર ର ர ర ರ ര ර  
r̆ ऱ्‍                    
l ल ল ਲ લ ଲ ல ల ಲ ല ල  
ḷ ळ   ਲ਼ ળ ଳ ள ళ ಳ ള ළ  
v व ৱ ਵ વ ଵ வ వ ವ വ ව  
ś श শ ਸ਼ શ ଶ ஶ శ ಶ ശ ශ  
ṣ ष ষ   ષ ଷ ஷ ష ಷ ഷ ෂ  
s स স ਸ સ ସ ஸ స ಸ സ ස  
H ह হ ਹ હ ହ ஹ హ ಹ ഹ හ  
' ऽ ঽ   ઽ ଽ   ఽ ಽ ഽ    
q क़ ক় ਕ਼ ક઼              
k͟h ख़ খ় ਖ਼ ખ઼              
G ग़ গ় ਗ਼ ગ઼              
z ज़ জ় ਜ਼ જ઼     ౙ ಜ಼      
f फ़ ফ় ਫ਼ ફ઼       ಫ಼   ෆ  
w   ব়     ୱ            

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