Malayalam script

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Malayalam
The syllable ka in Malayalam
ka in Malayalam 		Distribution area of ​​Malayalam
Font Abugida
languages Malayalam
Used in Kerala
ancestry Protosinaitic script
 →  Phoenician script
  →  Aramaic script
   →  Brahmi script
    →  Malayalam
particularities Belongs to the Indian font family.
first consonant row of the Malayalam script
The word Malayalam in Malayalam script

The Malayalam script (മലയാളലിപി Malayāḷalipi) is an Abugida script , which is one of the South Indian scripts .

It is used in India (state of Kerala ) and is closely related to the Telugu script . As with all Indian scripts, every syllable has the inherent vowel "a" ( ka, kha, ga  ...), which is changed into other vowels ( ki, khi, ghi  ...) with additional characters .

Similarities with other Indian scripts

As with the other Indian scripts, the sounds are sorted according to phonetic criteria.

Indian phonetics

The vowels come first , then after the point of articulation (starting from the throat):

  1. Gutturals
  2. Palatal
  3. Retroflex (cerebral)
  4. Dental
  5. Labials

At the end of the table you will find:

These groups with five syllable characters are then subdivided into toneless (unaspirated - aspirated), sounding (unaspirated - aspirated) and one nasal each.

table

Sanskrit text written in different scripts: "May Shiva bless whoever pleases the language of the gods." ( Kalidasa ).

In Unicode, the characters occupy the range U + 0D00 – U + 0D7F.

If the characters are not displayed or displayed incorrectly, you can get help here .

Vowels

Malayalam vowels
Letter vocal Vowel with [p] Unicode IPA annotation
അ പ (pa) A. a short 'a'
ആ ാ പാ (pā) AA aː long 'a'
ഇ ി പി (pi) I. i short 'i'
ഈ ീ പീ (pi) II iː long 'i'
ഉ ു പു (pu) U u short 'u'
ഊ ൂ പൂ (pu) UU uː long 'u'
ഋ ൃ പൃ (pr̥) VOWEL R rɨ
ഌ VOWEL L rarely used
എ െ പെ (pe) E. e short 'e'
ഏ േ പേ (pē) E. eː long 'e'
ഐ ൈ പൈ (pai) AI ai
ഒ ൊ പൊ (po) O O short 'o'
ഓ ോ പോ (pō) OO O long 'o'
ഔ ൌ പൌ (pau) AU ouch

Consonants

Malayalam consonants
Malayalam Unicode Transliteration IPA
ക KA k k
ഖ KHA kh k h
ഗ GA G G
ഘ GHA gh g ɦ
ങ NGA n̄ or ng ŋ
ച CA c tʃ
ഛ CHA ch tʃ h
ജ YES j dʒ
ഝ JHA century dʒ ɦ
ഞ NYA ñ or ny ɲ
ട TTA ṭ or tt ʈ
ഠ TTHA ṭh or tth ʈ h
ഡ DDA ḍ or dd ɖ
ഢ DDHA ḍh or ddh ɖ ɦ
ണ NNA ṇ or nn ɳ
ത TA t t̪
ഥ THA th t̪ h
ദ THERE d d̪
ധ DHA d d̪ ɦ
ന N / A n n̪
പ PA p p
ഫ PHA ph p h
ബ BA b b
ഭ BHA bra b ɦ
മ MA m m
യ YA y j
ര RA r r̪
ല LA l l
വ VA v ʋ
ശ SHA ś or sh ɕ
ഷ SSA ṣ or ss ʃ
സ SA s s
ഹ HA H ɦ
ള LLA ḷ or ll ɭ
ഴ LLLA ḻ or lll ɹ
റ RRA ṟ or rr r

Other characters

symbol Surname function
് Virama shows the absence of a vowel
ം Anusvara nasalizes the preceding vowel
ഃ Visarga appends a voiceless "h" to the vowel

In addition to these characters, there are many ligatures that are used to connect consonants.

Numeral

The numerals are represented in Malayalam as follows:

arab. 0 1 2 3 4th 5 6th 7th 8th 9
Digit ൦ ൧ ൨ ൩ ൪ ൫ ൬ ൭ ൮ ൯

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ U + 0D00 – U + 0D7F Malayalam ( English , PDF) Unicode, Inc. Accessed September 1, 2019.