Ignacio Hidalgo Cisneros

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Ignacio Hidalgo de Cisneros (born July 11, 1896 in Vitoria , † February 9, 1966 in Bucharest ) was a Spanish aviation pioneer, colonial officer, military attaché , chief of the air force , writer and communist . As a participant in the Spanish Civil War on the Republican side, he subsequently had to go into lifelong exile .

Life

youth

Ignacio Hidalgo de Cisneros was born on July 11, 1896 in Vitoria. His aristocratic family with a military tradition influenced his career choice.

Professional career as an officer

He began his military career at the Academy of Intendencia de Ávila in 1914. In 1920 he took courses at the Cuatro Vientos airfield (Madrid). He was deployed in Melilla with the 2nd Squad Bristol Squadron and took part in bombing raids on the Rifkabylen . In 1924 he was trained on the De Havilland seaplane.

Growing up in a noble Spanish family , he married Constancia de la Mora , a divorced woman, and broke up with his family. He served as a soldier in North Africa for 15 years during the Spanish colonial wars. He then became Commander of the Air Force in Western Sahara .

On December 15, 1930, he took part, along with other Republicans, in the uprising at the Cuatro Vientos airfield and tried to use the royal palace, the residence of Alfonso XIII. to bomb. The attack was not carried out and the uprising was put down because of the lack of support. After the failure of the uprising, Hidalgo de Cisneros fled to Portugal and from there to Paris. Before the Spanish Civil War , he was an Air Force attaché in Italy and Germany. He became famous for helping his friend, the socialist Indalecio Prieto , to flee to France after the failed revolution of October 1934. During the siege of Madrid in 1936, he and his wife became members of the Spanish Communist Party . After the formation of the Largo Caballero Government in September 1936, he was appointed Commander in Chief of the Air Force with the rank of General by the Minister for the Navy, Indalecio Prieto.

Spanish Civil War 1936–1939

As commander of the air force, Cisneros fought against the fascist uprising, first around Madrid and later in Barcelona. Under him, the air force received the honorary title The Glorious . Due to severe exhaustion, he was sent to Russia for a cure for some time. Despite the blockade, he managed to have fighter planes produced in Spain. Hidalgo de Cisneros laid the foundation for an aviation industry in Spain. With the help of the Soviet Union, a factory building was built. Military aircraft were repaired there. A "Chato" (I-15) was produced every day and a "Mosca" (I-16) fighter aircraft every two days.

In Moscow, at the request of Prime Minister Negrin, at a meeting with Josef Stalin and Vyacheslav Mikhailovich Molotov at the end of 1938, he tried to get arms help. These extensive arms deliveries were granted to his surprise, but came too late and no longer reached the republic's troops. He left Spain and in March 1939 went into exile with Negrín from Monovar airfield.

Exile and death

First he went to France, later to Mexico. He died in Bucharest on February 9, 1966 . Most recently he was a member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Spain. In 1990 his ashes were brought to Vitoria by his descendants and buried in the family crypt.

Works

  • Change of course , 1961 (Original title: Cambio de Rumbo )
  • Mora Constancia de la: Double Gloss , 1940 (A lot of information about Ignacio Hidalgo Cisneros )

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Ignacio Hidalgo de Cisneros , Fideus, accessed on August 31, 2018

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Cisneros, Ignacio Hidalgo
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Cisneros, Ignacio Hidalgo de
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Spanish aviation pioneer, colonial officer, military attaché, chief of the air force, writer and communist
DATE OF BIRTH July 11, 1896
PLACE OF BIRTH Vitoria
DATE OF DEATH February 9, 1966
Place of death Bucharest