Indian nosed viper
| Indian nosed viper | ||||||||||||
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Indian nasal viper ( Hypnale hypnale ) |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Hypnale hypnale | ||||||||||||
| ( Merrem , 1820) |
The Indian nose Notter ( Hypnale hypnale ) is a type of pit vipers and belongs to the genus of Ceylon nose vipers ( Hypnale ).
features
Hypnale hypnale reaches a total length of 38 to 55 cm, females can become larger than males. The body is slightly stocky. The head is triangular, slightly raised at the tip of the snout and is clearly separated from the rest of the body. The pupil is slit vertically very narrowly when light falls. The head has 7 or 8 upper lip shields ( scutum supralabiale ) and 8 or 9 (rarely 10) lower lip shields ( scutum sublabiale ). The middle of the body is surrounded by 17 rows of weakly keeled back scales. The ventral side has 134 to 158 ventral shields, the underside of the tail 32 to 48 further horn shields. The tapering tail ends in a black thorn. The body is variable in color (yellowish, gray or brown) and has dark spots or cross bars that can also be connected to one another. The head is colored light brown to nut brown and drawn lengthways upwards by a fine, light line. Of Hypnale nepa and Hypnale walli is Hypnale hypnale by the absence on the one wart-like bump on the tip of the snout, the high number of abdominal shields, and the absence of spines hemipenis delineate.
Snake venom
Hypnale hypnale regularly causes bite accidents in local residents, but deaths are rare. The snake venom of this type has procoagulative (coagulation-promoting) properties, a disseminated intravascular coagulopathy cannot be excluded. Irreversible kidney failure is also possible. A specific antivenin is not available.
Way of life
Hypnale hypnale is a very local, ground-dwelling viper that seldom climbs in low bushes and feeds on small mammals , frogs , lizards and snakes . It is noticeably common in places. The mating season extends to the months of July and August, the young snakes are born between April and August. It reproduces through ovoviviparia , i.e. egg-bearing life, whereby the litter of a female contains up to 17 young snakes. The young snakes measure about 13 cm when hatching. Hypnale hypnale leads a nocturnal as well as diurnal lifestyle and often hides during the day under stones, rotten wood or fallen leaves. This viper is temperamental and aggressive towards people. When disturbed, it lifts its head at an angle and vibrates its tail hectically on the floor.
Occurrence
Native is Hypnale hypnale in forests and plantations in the south-western India and Sri Lanka . Both flat plains and highlands are inhabited up to 1525 meters above sea level.
swell
- ↑ a b c Mark O'Shea: Venomous snakes. All species in the world in their habitats. Franckh-Kosmos Verlag, Stuttgart 2006, ISBN 3-440-10619-5 .
- ↑ a b c Ludwig Trutnau: poisonous snakes. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 1998, ISBN 3-8001-7371-9 .
- ↑ Dieter Schmidt: Atlas snakes. Nikol-Verlag, 2006, ISBN 978-3-86820-011-9 .
