Ipatiev House

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The Ipatiev House ( Russian Дом Ипатьева ), named after its former owner, engineer Nikolai Nikolajewitsch Ipatjew, was a house in the city of Yekaterinburg in the Urals . Tsar Nicholas II and his family were imprisoned here for months and killed on the night of July 16-17, 1918.

In 1977 the house was demolished by order of the Politburo under the direction of Boris Yeltsin , who was then 1st Secretary of the CPSU in Sverdlovsk. Since 2003, the cathedral has stood on the blood on the site of the previous house .

history

Beginnings

Ipatiev House in the 19th century

The house was built at the end of the 1880s for the engineer Redikorzew as a spacious villa on a hillside, with a floor area of ​​31 × 18 m. The east facade was on the street side and was single-story, the west facade opened onto a garden and was two-story. Shortly after the house was completed, Redikorzew was charged with corruption charges, ran into financial difficulties and had to sell the house to the engineer Sharavyev in 1898. In 1908 Sharaviev sold the house for 6,000 rubles to the military engineer Nikolai Ipatiev, who set up his office on the ground floor.

Russian revolution

On Saturday, April 27, 1918, the Bolsheviks ordered Ipatiev to evacuate the house within two days. He was allowed to use a room in the basement as a warehouse. This basement room, which was subsequently sealed , was located next to the room in which the Romanov family was shot three months later . After Ipatiev left, the house for special use ( Russian Дом Особого Назначения ) was converted into a fortress: a double wooden palisade four meters high covered the house and the windows in front of the street, and machine guns were placed on the roof . On April 30, 1918, Tsar Nicholas II , his wife Alexandra and their daughter Maria moved in . The two older daughters Olga and Tatjana arrived with their son Alexei on May 23 , as he was unable to travel due to an attack of haemophilia .

The Ipatiev House, 1918

On the night of July 16-17, 1918, the seven members of the tsarist family were shot dead by a group under the command of Chekist Jakow Jurowski , together with their personal physician Botkin , lady-in-waiting Anna Demidowa, cook Ivan Kharitonov and servant Alexej Trupp . The group consisted of four Russian Bolsheviks and seven Hungarian prisoners of war. The kitchen boy Leonid Sednew had been called out of the house a few hours earlier and thus escaped being shot.

A few days later, on July 25, 1918, Yekaterinburg was captured in the course of the civil war by the White Army under the command of the Czechoslovak general Radola Gajda , who then set up the general staff in the Ipatiev House for a few months.

Later years

In 1927 the house was designated as a branch of the Ural Revolutionary Museum, after which an agricultural school and in 1938 an anti-religious museum were built here. In 1946 the building was taken over by the local authority of the CPSU . In 1974 it was officially registered as a historical-revolutionary monument, but increasingly developed into a place of pilgrimage for Russian monarchists.

To this development forestall in view of the 60th anniversary of the shooting of the royal family in 1978 and stem the pilgrimages, which declared Politburo the house as "not enough historically significant" and had the building under Boris Yeltsin , then the local party secretary, on the 27th Tear down July 1977 in a nightly action. Even so, the site continued to be visited. Since the inauguration of the Cathedral on the Blood in 2003, it has been a place of pilgrimage for supporters of the monarchy from all over Russia.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Massie, Robert K .: Die Romanows Das last Kapitel, Droemersche Verlagsanstalt Th. Knaur, 1998, Munich, p. 342.
  2. ↑ https://archiv.berliner-zeitung.de/das-raetsel-um-den-gewaltsamen-tod-des-letzt-russischen-zaren-und-seiner-familie-haben-kurz-vor-seiner-endgueltigen-klaerung -prince-philipp-gave-five-cubic-centimeters-blood-17559910
  3. ^ Scientific Expedition to Account for the Romanov Children ( Memento from November 19, 2010 in the Internet Archive )

literature

  • Elisabeth Heresch: Nicholas II. Cowardice, lies and betrayal . 423 pages, Ullstein Taschenbuch Verlag 1994, ISBN 978-3-548-35413-2 .

Web links

Commons : Ipatiev's Mansion  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 56 ° 50 ′ 39.7 ″  N , 60 ° 36 ′ 34.9 ″  E