Islamic jihad in Palestine

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The Islamic Jihad in Palestine ( in Arabic حركة الجهاد الإسلامي Harakat al-jihād al-islāmī ) is an Islamist terrorist organization based in Damascus ( Syria ). The full name is "Movement of Islamic Jihad in Palestine" (حركة الجهاد الإسلامي في فلسطين), it is also referred to in the media as the "Holy Islamic War" group.

Various groups in other Arab states also bore the name "Islamic Jihad", namely the Egyptian Islamic Jihad or al-Jihad , which was incorporated into al-Qaeda under Aiman al- Zawahiri .

In the West, however, “Islamic Jihad” usually refers to the Palestinian group, because they stand out because of the media interest in the Middle East conflict .

prehistory

The Palestinian Islamic Jihad developed at the end of the 1970s from former Palestinian members of the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood , who until then had operated as branches of the Muslim Brotherhood in the Gaza Strip . In the wake of the Islamic Revolution in Iran in 1979 and the resulting newly emerged Islamic revolutionary ideology of Ayatollah Khomeini , leading members of the Palestinian Muslim Brotherhood in the Gaza Strip and Egypt suggested splitting off ideologically from the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood and following the revolutionary ideology of Iran. This process was also supported by the efforts of the Iranian Hezbollah as part of the Iran-led export of revolution in the Middle East in the 1980s, which ultimately led to the establishment of Islamic Jihad in Palestine in 1981 and Hezbollah in Lebanon in 1982 .

founding

Officially, today's Palestinian organization, commonly referred to as “Islamic Jihad”, first appeared in its present form in 1981. The underground organization was originally founded in the Gaza Strip by three local Islamic activists: Fathi Shakaki , a doctor from Rafah , Sheikh Abd Al-Aziz Awda , a preacher from the Jabaliya refugee camp , and Ramadan Shallah from Shuja'iyya, a district in Gaza City . The leader is currently [2014] Mohammed al Hindi.

Actions

The group first appeared in April 1983 with the bomb attack on the US embassy in Beirut , which also housed the CIA headquarters for the entire Middle East.

The organization is ideologically not dissimilar to Hamas , but it has stronger contacts in Iran and is less anchored in the people of Palestine. Islamic Jihad recruits young people for its suicide bombings . For example, on March 29, 2004, 16-year-old Tamer Havira was arrested by Israeli security forces in Rifidia (a suburb of Nablus ) when he was about to carry out a suicide attack.

Islamic Jihad sees Israel as the manifestation of Western imperialism and categorically rejects peace talks with the Jewish state and its very existence . He was responsible for car bomb attacks and numerous suicide bombings in Israel, as well as the stoning of two kidnapped 14-year-old youths in May 2001.

In the Gaza conflict in 2014 , the group admitted to having fired rockets at Israel. It is also active in the tunnel system in the Gaza Strip , which is used for terrorist acts against Israel.

In February 2020, the PIJ fired more than forty missiles into populated areas in Israel, most of which Israeli missile defense intercepted.

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hans-Christian Rößler: Hamas sees itself as a winner. In: FAZ.net . August 27, 2014, accessed October 13, 2018 .
  2. ↑ Who are Islamic Jihad?
  3. ↑ FAZ, February 25, 2020, p. 5.