Isothermal DNA amplification

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The isothermal DNA amplification includes methods of amplification (amplification) of DNA at constant temperatures.

properties

In contrast to the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), with isothermal DNA amplification the respective reaction takes place at constant temperature (isothermal) with a strand-dislocating DNA polymerase , while the PCR uses a thermostable DNA polymerase and, for strand separation, heating to 95 ° C by a thermal cycler used. As a result, the reaction can also be carried out without major outlay on equipment. The strand dislocating DNA polymerase, e.g. B. the Φ29 DNA polymerase from the bacteriophage φ29, displaces an existing second strand of double-stranded DNA, while it uses the first strand to create a new strand with the same sequence as the second strand. The variants of isothermal DNA amplification can be combined with dPCR .

variants

Methods for isothermal amplification of DNA are e.g. B. Multidisplacement Amplification (strand-shifting amplification), Isothermal Assembly (isothermal assembly), Recombinase Polymerase Amplification (RPA, Recombinase Polymerase Amplification), Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP, loop-mediated isothermal amplification), nucleic acid sequence-based amplification ( NASBA , nucleic acid sequence-based amplification), helicase-dependent amplification (HDA, helicase-dependent amplification), nicking enzyme amplification reaction (NEAR, the single-strand break enzyme amplification reaction ), rolling circle replication (RCA, replication per rolling circle ). Further detection methods are e.g. As the nicking endonuclease signal amplification ( NESA , single-strand break enzyme signal amplification) and nicking endonuclease assisted nanoparticle activation ( nenna , single-strand break enzyme-mediated nanoparticles activation), exonuclease-aided target recycling (exonuclease-mediated target recycling), junction or Y-probes (connecting or Y probes), split DNAZyme (split DNAzyme) and deoxyribozyme amplification (deoxyribozyme amplification), non-covalent DNA catalysis and the hybridization chain reaction (HCR, hybridization chain reaction ).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ J. Kim, CJ Easley: Isothermal DNA amplification in bioanalysis: strategies and applications. In: Bioanalysis. Volume 3, number 2, January 2011, pp. 227-239, doi : 10.4155 / bio.10.172 , PMID 21250850 .
  2. ↑ M. Fakruddin, KS Mannan, A. Chowdhury, RM Mazumdar, MN Hossain, S. Islam, MA Chowdhury: Nucleic acid amplification: Alternative methods of polymerase chain reaction. In: Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences. Volume 5, number 4, October 2013, pp. 245-252, doi : 10.4103 / 0975-7406.120066 , PMID 24302831 , PMC 3831736 (free full text).
  3. ↑ J. Li, J. Macdonald: Advances in isothermal amplification: novel strategies inspired by biological processes. In: Biosensors and Bioelectronics. 64, 2015, p. 196, doi : 10.1016 / j.bios.2014.08.069 . PMID 25218104 .
  4. ↑ JA Jordan, CO Ibe, MS Moore, C. Host, GL Simon: Evaluation of a manual DNA extraction protocol and an isothermal amplification assay for detecting HIV-1 DNA from dried blood spots for use in resource-limited settings. In: Journal of clinical virology: the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology. Volume 54, Number 1, May 2012, pp. 11-14. doi : 10.1016 / j.jcv.2012.01.004 . PMID 22293626 .
  5. ↑ JG Paez, M. Lin, R. Beroukhim, JC Lee, X. Zhao, DJ Richter, S. Gabriel, P. Herman, H. Sasaki, D. Altshuler, C. Li, M. Meyerson, WR Sellers: Genome Coverage and sequence fidelity of phi29 polymerase-based multiple strand displacement whole genome amplification. In: Nucleic acids research. Volume 32, number 9, 2004, p. E71. doi : 10.1093 / nar / gnh069 . PMID 15150323 . PMC 419624 (free full text).
  6. ↑ G. Nixon, JA Garson, P. Grant, E. Nastouli, CA Foy, JF Huggett: Comparative study of sensitivity, linearity, and resistance to inhibition of digital and nondigital polymerase chain reaction and loop mediated isothermal amplification assays for quantification of human cytomegalovirus. In: Analytical chemistry. Volume 86, Number 9, May 2014, pp. 4387-4394. doi : 10.1021 / ac500208w . PMID 24684191 .
  7. ↑ EC Oriero, J. Jacobs, JP Van Geertruyden, D. Nwakanma, U. D'Alessandro: Molecular-based isothermal tests for field diagnosis of malaria and their potential contribution to malaria elimination. In: The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy. Volume 70, number 1, January 2015, pp. 2-13, doi : 10.1093 / jac / dku343 , PMID 25223973 (review).
  8. ^ CC Chang, CC Chen, SC Wei, HH Lu, YH Liang, CW Lin: Diagnostic devices for isothermal nucleic acid amplification. In: Sensors . Volume 12, number 6, 2012, pp. 8319-8337, doi : 10.3390 / s120608319 , PMID 22969402 , PMC 3436031 (free full text).
  9. ↑ L. Yan, J. Zhou, Y. Zheng, AS Gamson, BT Roembke, S. Nakayama, HO Sintim: Isothermal amplified detection of DNA and RNA. In: Molecular bioSystems. Volume 10, Number 5, May 2014, pp. 970-1003, doi : 10.1039 / c3mb70304e , PMID 24643211 .