Buttenhausen Jewish community

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Jewish community in Buttenhausen in the south of Württemberg in the Lautertal on the Swabian Alb goes back to the settlement of 25 Jewish families who received the letter of protection from Baron von Liebenstein (1730–1799) in 1787 . Here they enjoyed unusually tolerant and liberal conditions modeled on the Jewish community in Jebenhausen . A cemetery was built in 1789 and a synagogue was opened in 1795 .

history

In 1823 the community had 464 inhabitants, 293 of them Jewish. The state received protection and umbrella money in the amount of 4 guilders per person, from rabbis and widows 2 guilders. The admission fee for a Jew was 50 guilders, a foreign Jew was 20 guilders.

After the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss and in the course of mediatization , the Liebensteiner territories came to the Kingdom of Württemberg. With the law on the public relations of the Israelite co-religionists of 1828 the legal situation of the Jews improved and Jewish enterprises in the textile industry and in the iron trade arose.

In 1832 the community became the seat of the district rabbinate Buttenhausen , one of 13 district rabbinates in Württemberg.

In 1870, the population lists recorded 442 Jewish people out of a total population of 800. Jews lived in 46 out of 100 houses. In addition to the synagogue, there was a rabbinate building , a Jewish poor house and a Jewish bath ( mikveh ).

From 1870, however, more and more Jews emigrated to the cities, which offered better job opportunities and educational facilities.

In 1887 the rabbinate was merged with the Buchau district rabbinate , as the number of Jewish residents had fallen sharply. In 1913 the rabbinate was abolished, the community was provided for by the rabbi in Buchau and incorporated into the Buchau district rabbinate.

time of the nationalsocialism

The reprisals of the National Socialist era led to the emigration of around half of the Jewish population of Buttenhausen. In addition, Buttenhausen became a transit station for a large number of deported Jews from the Reich territory, who had to leave the place again in 1941. Of the 89 Jewish citizens remaining in Buttenhausen in 1933, none survived the Holocaust .

Rabbis and teachers of the synagogue and Jewish community

From 1820 the community employed its own rabbi, after previously there had only been one part-time prayer leader . In 1828 Buttenhausen got its own rabbinical district , which reached far beyond the community.

See also

literature

  • Johann Daniel Georg von Memminger: Description of the Upper Office Münsingen . Stuttgart and Tübingen 1825.

Web links