Jewish cemetery (north)

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The North Jewish Cemetery is located outside the historic city center of Norden, right next to the municipal Christian cemetery Am Zingel. It is open to the public and can be viewed at any time. The Jewish community laid out the cemetery in the 16th century. This makes it the oldest in the region. The cemetery is no longer used for funerals after the fall of the associated community at the time of National Socialism . A total of 318 gravestones have been preserved on the 5783 square meter area , the oldest of which dates from 1659 and the youngest from 1938. Since 1990 a collective tombstone has been commemorating nine people who were buried between 1938 and 1940.

history

The Jewish cemetery in the north

It is unclear when the community started the cemetery. It is located on a wall that originally bounded the Marienthal monastery . Jews in Norden are first mentioned in 1581. It is the oldest in the region and partly served as the final resting place for the Jews of Aurich, Emden, Esens and Wittmund until the 18th century.

A first reference to the cemetery is dated August 22, 1669. On that day, the north resident court Jew Meyer Calmans complained to Princess Christine Charlotte that shepherds had invaded the Jewish cemetery, which was already 100 years ago by the head of the Norder poor house had been leased . The princess then allowed the community to fence in the area. When the lease was renewed in September 1669, this information was confirmed and it was pointed out that, according to instructions , the Jews had correctly paid and reimbursed their wages every year . The cemetery was expanded in 1738, 1770 and 1894 and was occupied until the end of the parish in 1940.

The memorial in memory of the murdered men, women and children of the former synagogue community in Norden was erected on June 21, 2005 in the Jewish cemetery.

literature

  • Lina Gödeken: Around the synagogue in the north. The history of the synagogue community since 1866 , Aurich 2000, ISBN 3-932206-18-5
  • Herbert Reyer, Martin Tielke (ed.): Frisia Judaica. Contributions to the history of the Jews in East Frisia . Aurich 1988, ISBN 3-925365-40-0
  • The end of the Jews in East Frisia. Catalog for the exhibition of the East Frisian landscape on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of Kristallnacht. Verlag Ostfriesische Landschaft, Aurich 1988, ISBN 3-925365-41-9
  • Hans Forster jun., Günther Schwickert: North. A district town under the swastika. Documents from the period of tyranny 1933–1945 , Norden 1988 (edited by the Norder Young Socialists and the SPD local association Norden; self-printed)
  • Daniel Fraenkel: North / Norderney. In: Herbert Obenaus (Ed. In collaboration with David Bankier and Daniel Fraenkel): Historical manual of the Jewish communities in Lower Saxony and Bremen . Wallstein, Göttingen 2005; ISBN 3-89244-753-5 ; Pp. 1122-1139
  • Ecumenical working group Synagogenweg Norden (ed.), Bernd Bohnsack, Walter Demandt, Almut Holler: remember, commemorate, hope under the star of david. Meeting week from June 19 to 24, 2005 in Norden , Norden 2006

See also

Coordinates: 53 ° 36 ′ 1.5 ″  N , 7 ° 12 ′ 9.6 ″  E

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Alemania Judaica. : Jewish cemetery north. , accessed January 19, 2013.
  2. ^ Alemania Judaica. : Jewish cemetery north. , accessed January 19, 2013.