List of Jewish cemeteries in East Frisia

Places with Jewish communities in East Frisia before 1938

The list of Jewish cemeteries in East Frisia gives an overview of Jewish cemeteries in the historical territory of East Frisia . Up until the time of National Socialism , there were eleven Jewish communities in East Friesland and a branch of the Jewish community in the north of Norderney . Of these, at least the 18 cemeteries listed here were laid out over the centuries. Jewish life in East Friesland finally died out in 1940. Approximately 50 percent of the Jews in East Friesland were murdered by the National Socialists during the Holocaust. The few Jews living in East Friesland today are part of the Jewish community in Oldenburg. Burials only occasionally take place in the Jewish cemeteries in East Frisia.

Place, cemetery	image	local community	Occupancy time	Tombstones	Remarks	location
Aurich , Jewish Cemetery Aurich		Aurich Jewish community	1764–1940, occasionally after 1945, for example 2007	353	Almost doubled in 1911 through the purchase of neighboring parcels.	⊙
Bunde , Jewish cemetery (Bunde)		Bunde Jewish Community	1874 - unknown	25th	Desecrated by strangers in 1941.	⊙
Dornum , Dornum Jewish Cemetery		Dornum Jewish community	1721/23-1938	30/37	Between 1940 and 1945 the gravestones were removed from the graves and put together on Marktstrasse. Further plans included plowing the cemetery and leaving only one grave symbolically. However, this was no longer implemented.	⊙
Emden , Tholenswehr cemetery (see Jewish cemeteries in Emden )		Jewish community of Emden	about 1530-1703	None received. A notice board reminds of the cemetery	First mentioned in 1586. The cemetery was shared by the small East Frisian communities such as Weener, Bunde, Jemgum and Stapelmoor.	⊙
Emden , cemetery on Bollwerkstrasse (see Jewish cemeteries in Emden )		Jewish community of Emden	1703-2004	754/798	Since September 3, 2000, a memorial consisting of three granite steles has been located in the cemetery for the Jews of Emden who were murdered during the Nazi era.	⊙
Esens , Jewish cemetery (Esens)		Jewish community in Esen	1702-1938	at least 13	Last burial on March 31, 1938. 1940 completely devastated.	⊙
Jemgum , Jewish cemetery (Jemgum)		Jemgum Jewish Community	1854/55 - 1932	13	The cemetery is about a kilometer outside of Jemgum.	⊙
Leer , Jewish cemeteries in Leer		Jewish community in Leer	Middle of the 17th century - 1939, occasionally after 1945, around 1985	235	The Jewish Trust Corporation handed over the oldest part of the cemetery in 1953 to the city of Leer and the rest in 1959 to the regional association of Jewish communities in Lower Saxony .	⊙
Leer , Loga cemetery (see Jewish cemeteries in Leer )		Jewish community in Leer	First mentioned in 1860, oldest gravestone from 1828 - unknown	13	The Jews living in Loga were members of the synagogue community in Leer.	⊙
Neustadtgödens , Jewish cemetery (Neustadtgödens)		Jewish community of Neustadtgödens	1708 - around 1940, occasionally after 1945, around 1982	84	Before 1708 the dead from Neustadtgödens were buried in Wittmund.	⊙
North , North Jewish Cemetery		Jewish community north	1569-1938	285/318	Oldest Jewish cemetery in East Frisia. Since June 21, 2005 there has been a memorial in the cemetery in memory of the murdered men, women and children of the former synagogue community in Norden .	⊙
Weener , small cemetery Smarlingen (see Jewish cemeteries in Weener )		Weener Jewish Community	Late 16th century - early 17th century	4 (preserved in fragments)	The cemetery is on private property and is not open to the public.	⊙
Weener , Smarlingen cemetery (see Jewish cemeteries in Weener )		Weener Jewish Community	1670-1849	30th	The cemetery is on private property and is not open to the public.	⊙
Weener , Graf-Edzard-Strasse cemetery (see Jewish cemeteries in Weener )		Weener Jewish Community	1896 - around 1940, occasionally after 1945, around 1982	21st	Some tombstones were sold to a stonemason in 1943. For this purpose, 59 name plates were later set up.	⊙
Weener , Graf-Ulrich-Strasse cemetery (see Jewish cemeteries in Weener )		Weener Jewish Community	1850 - unknown	85	The cemetery property was a gift to the community from the brothers Isaac and Joseph of Israel.	⊙
Wittmund , old cemetery (see Jewish cemeteries in Wittmund )		Wittmund Jewish community	First mentioned in 1684. Location unclear.	unknown	The dead from Esens and Neustadtgödens were probably buried in this cemetery. It is probably not identical to the cemetery on Finkenburgstrasse.	Location unknown
Wittmund , Friedhof Finkenburgstraße (see Jewish cemeteries in Wittmund )		Wittmund Jewish community	Late 18th century - unknown	10	Fully occupied towards the end of the 19th century. There was probably an older cemetery in Wittmund.	⊙
Wittmund , Auricher Straße cemetery (see Jewish cemeteries in Wittmund )		Wittmund Jewish community	1902-1939	18th	Since September 3, 2000, the cemetery has been home to a memorial, consisting of three brick walls, for the Jews of Wittmund who were murdered during the Nazi era.	⊙

See also

• History of the Jews in East Frisia
• List of former East Frisian synagogues
• List of Jewish cemeteries in Germany

literature

• Heike Düselder (adaptation), Hans P Klausch (adaptation), Albrecht Eckhardt, Jan Lokers, Matthias Nistal: Sources on the history and culture of Judaism in western Lower Saxony from the 16th century to 1945 . Part 1. East Frisia. A relevant inventory. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht 2002, ISBN 3-525-35537-8
• Herbert Reyer (arr.): The end of the Jews in East Frisia. Catalog for the exhibition of the East Frisian landscape on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of Kristallnacht . Ostfriesische Landschaft, Aurich 1988. ISBN 3-925365-41-9
• Herbert Reyer, Martin Tielke (ed.): Frisia Judaica. Contributions to the history of the Jews in East Frisia . East Frisian Landscape, Aurich 1988, ISBN 3-925365-40-0
• Herbert Obenaus (Ed.): Historical manual of the Jewish communities in Lower Saxony and Bremen . Wallstein, Göttingen 2005, ISBN 3-89244-753-5

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Aurich. In: Overview of all projects for the documentation of Jewish grave inscriptions in the area of ​​the Federal Republic of Germany. Lower Saxony.
2. ↑ ^{a b} bundles. In: Overview of all projects for the documentation of Jewish grave inscriptions in the area of ​​the Federal Republic of Germany. Lower Saxony.
3. ↑ Dornum. In: Overview of all projects for the documentation of Jewish grave inscriptions in the area of ​​the Federal Republic of Germany. Lower Saxony.
4. ↑ ^{a b} Emden (old cemetery). In: Overview of all projects for the documentation of Jewish grave inscriptions in the area of ​​the Federal Republic of Germany. Lower Saxony.
5. ↑ ^{a b} Emden (New Cemetery). In: Overview of all projects for the documentation of Jewish grave inscriptions in the area of ​​the Federal Republic of Germany. Lower Saxony.
6. ↑ ^{a b} Esens. In: Overview of all projects for the documentation of Jewish grave inscriptions in the area of ​​the Federal Republic of Germany. Lower Saxony.
7. ↑ ^{a b} Jemgum. In: Overview of all projects for the documentation of Jewish grave inscriptions in the area of ​​the Federal Republic of Germany. Lower Saxony.
8. ↑ ^{a b} empty. In: Overview of all projects for the documentation of Jewish grave inscriptions in the area of ​​the Federal Republic of Germany. Lower Saxony.
9. ↑ ^{a b} Loga. In: Overview of all projects for the documentation of Jewish grave inscriptions in the area of ​​the Federal Republic of Germany. Lower Saxony.
10. ↑ ^{a b c} Neustadtgödens. In: Overview of all projects for the documentation of Jewish grave inscriptions in the area of ​​the Federal Republic of Germany. Lower Saxony.
11. ↑ ^{a b} north. In: Overview of all projects for the documentation of Jewish grave inscriptions in the area of ​​the Federal Republic of Germany. Lower Saxony.
12. ^ Alemania Judaica. : Jewish cemetery north. , accessed January 19, 2013.
13. ↑ ^{a b} Smarlingen (small cemetery). In: Overview of all projects for the documentation of Jewish grave inscriptions in the area of ​​the Federal Republic of Germany. Lower Saxony.
14. ↑ ^{a b} Smarlingen. In: Overview of all projects for the documentation of Jewish grave inscriptions in the area of ​​the Federal Republic of Germany. Lower Saxony.
15. ↑ ^{a b} Weener (Graf-Edzard-Strasse). In: Overview of all projects for the documentation of Jewish grave inscriptions in the area of ​​the Federal Republic of Germany. Lower Saxony.
16. ↑ ^{a b} Weener (Graf-Ulrich-Strasse). In: Overview of all projects for the documentation of Jewish grave inscriptions in the area of ​​the Federal Republic of Germany. Lower Saxony.
17. ↑ ^{a b c} Wittmund (Finkenburgstrasse). In: Overview of all projects for the documentation of Jewish grave inscriptions in the area of ​​the Federal Republic of Germany. Lower Saxony.
18. ↑ ^{a b} Wittmund (Auricher Strasse). In: Overview of all projects for the documentation of Jewish grave inscriptions in the area of ​​the Federal Republic of Germany. Lower Saxony.

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