JDŽ 30
| JDŽ / JŽ 30 (initially JDŽ 583) | |
|---|---|
| Numbering: | JDŽ 30 001-040 (initially 583.901-940) |
| Number: | 40 |
| Manufacturer: | Borsig , Berlin |
| Year of construction (s): | 1930 |
| Retirement: | after 1974 |
| Axis formula : | 1'E |
| Gauge : | 1435 mm ( standard gauge ) |
| Length over buffers: | 21.90 m |
| Height: | 4.60 m |
| Total wheelbase: | 9.85 m |
| Wheelbase with tender: | 18.70 m |
| Top speed: | 65 km / h |
| Driving wheel diameter: | 1,350 mm |
| Impeller diameter front: | 900 mm |
| Control type : | Heusinger |
| Number of cylinders: | 3 |
| Cylinder diameter: | 550 mm |
| Piston stroke: | 660 mm |
| Cup length: | 10.78 m |
| Number of heating pipes: | 156 |
| Grate area: | 5.4 m² |
| Water supply: | 25.0 m³ |
| Fuel supply: | 10.0 m³ |
The JDŽ 30 (from 1954 JŽ 30, originally JDŽ 583) is a freight train - tender locomotive of the Yugoslav State Railways Jugoslovenske državne železnice (JDŽ) with the wheel arrangement 1'E. It was developed together with the JDŽ 05 and JDŽ 06 series from 1929 by the Berlin locomotive manufacturers Borsig (company) and Berliner Maschinenbau-Actien-Gesellschaft formerly L. Schwartzkopff . While Schwartzkopff took over the construction of the 05 series, Borsig built the 06 and 30 series locomotives. All three series were based on the development principles of the standard steam locomotivesof the Deutsche Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft .
prehistory
The railways of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (SHS), established after the First World War , had taken over a very heterogeneous fleet of vehicles from the railways of the predecessor states. Since large parts of the country were still hardly accessible to traffic, a comprehensive expansion of the rail network was planned. For this and to replace old Austrian, Hungarian and Serbian locomotives, the SHS planned an extensive new construction program. They were based on the standard steam locomotives built by the Deutsche Reichsbahn since 1926.
In 1929, the two Berlin locomotive companies, Borsig and Schwartzkopff, were awarded the contract to develop and build three series of steam locomotives, which should be based on the DR building principles:
- A 2'C1 'locomotive for express trains (class 05)
- A 1'D1 'locomotive for heavy passenger and express freight trains (series 06)
- A 1'E locomotive for heavy freight trains (series 30)
All three series had a large number of identical components. While both companies used a joint working group for the development, they divided the construction. Schwartzkopff took over the express locomotive, Borsig the other two series.
history
For the construction of the 30 series, a maximum speed of 65 km / h was specified, which was more than sufficient for the intended purposes at the time of creation - the JDŽ was just converting its freight wagons to the continuous air brake . On a 1% gradient, the locomotive should be able to transport trains up to 900 t at 40 to 50 km / h and develop 12,000 kg of pulling force on the tender hook. Further specifications for all locomotives were 18 t axle load and the use of Yugoslavian, comparatively low-heating hard coal . All three series received the same boiler design and identical tenders. A major difference between the series 30 and the other two types was its three-cylinder design and its drive on two axles. In contrast to the 05 and 06 series, which were already equipped with it ex works, the 30 series received smoke deflectors only after a few years .
In 1930, Borsig delivered a total of 40 units of the 30 series to JD® with the serial numbers 12150 to 12189. Initially, the locomotives were classified as class 583 in the old numbering scheme until they were referred to as 30 from 1933. They were mainly stationed in Serbia and the southern parts of the country.
After the Wehrmacht had conquered and occupied Yugoslavia in the Balkans campaign , the locomotives of the JDŽ were distributed to the newly founded vassal states . The locomotives of the series 30 remained mostly in their previous areas of use. With 32 locomotives, most of the locomotives remained in Serbia . Italy , along with parts of Dalmatia and Slovenia , also took over a class 30 locomotive in the FS fleet . The Bulgarian State Railways took over seven of them after what is now North Macedonia was occupied by Bulgarians. They were classified as BDŽ 13.01 to 13.07, the locomotives stayed in Macedonia and returned to the JDŽ after the end of the war. When the Wehrmacht withdrew, it also carried a number of class 30 locomotives, so that in 1945 there were eight locomotives in Austria and nine locomotives in Germany. While Austria returned all locomotives to Yugoslavia until 1947, the locomotives that remained in Germany were scrapped.
From 1949 a total of five of the remaining locomotives of the JDŽ (from 1954 JŽ) went to the towing railway at the Iron Gate , on which they were used until the railway was closed in 1969. Before the reservoir at the Iron Gate was flooded , two of the last three existing locomotives were scrapped on the spot, the third remained behind and was flooded. However, older sources also report that all three machines were flooded.
The locomotives that remained with the JŽ were last used between Niš and Zaječar and were retired until 1972, none of them survived.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Zoran Veresić: Steam in Serbia 1882-2007 , p 99
- ↑ a b Tadej Braté: The steam locomotives of Yugoslavia , p. 15
literature
- Helmut Griebl: The JDZ series 05, 06 and 30. Standard locomotives based on the German model. Eisenbahn-Kurier 3/1980, pp. 11-23
- Tadej Braté: The steam locomotives of Yugoslavia . Slezak publishing house, Vienna, 1971, ISBN 3-900134-01-4
- Zoran Veresić: Steam in Serbia 1882-2007 . Royal Railway Society of Serbia, Belgrade, 2007