Janaale
| Janale جانالة Janaale |
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| Coordinates | 1 ° 48 ' N , 44 ° 42' E | ||
| Basic data | |||
| Country | Somalia | ||
| Shabeellaha Hoose | |||
| ISO 3166-2 | SO-SH | ||
| Residents | 52,000 | ||
Janaale (also written Janale , Jannaale , Jenale or Italian Genale ) is a place in southern Somalia . It is located in the Shabeellaha Hoose region on the Shabelle River inland from the port city of Merka .
The place is best known as the location of banana plantations . These come from the Italian colonial era, when in what was then Italian Somaliland from 1926 land in Janaale was given to Italian settlers. For this purpose, local farmers were partially expropriated and extensive irrigation canals were created using forced labor.
In independent Somalia, the banana plantations were initially not nationalized as part of "scientific socialism" under Siad Barre , but with the introduction of the land law of 1975 and especially in the course of the 1980s they came under the control of people who were close to the state apparatus.
The bananas were exported via the nearby port of Merka. The banana trade was an important economic factor. For this reason, during the Somali civil war in 1995/1996, the warlords Aidid and Osman Ali Atto fought in the so-called "banana war" for control of the banana companies and growing areas in Shabeellaha Hoose and the city of Merka.
In 1997 there was severe flooding in Janaale and nearby Qoryooley in connection with the El Niño climate phenomenon . These severely impaired agriculture in the area and led to increased hunger and a sharp decline in banana exports.
Web links
- Christian Webersik / Oxford Development Studies, Vol. 33, No. 1, March 2005: Fighting for the Plenty: The Banana Trade in Southern Somalia ( PDF )
- Food Security Assessment Unit Somalia: Nutritional Situation in Qorioley and Merka Districts, Lower Shabelle (PDF; 47 kB)
- Zooming into the Past - Mogadishu's Civil Wars