Jenische
| Jenabile Castle | ||
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| Creation time : | 1699 to 1706 | |
| Castle type : | Hilltop castle | |
| Conservation status: | Received or received substantial parts | |
| Place: | Kerch | |
| Geographical location | 45 ° 20 '57 " N , 36 ° 36' 7" E | |
| Height: | 42 m | |
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JenISCHE ( Ukrainian Єні-Кале ; Russian Ени-Кале , Crimean Tatar Yeñi Qale from Turkish: "New fortress" Yeni for "new" and Kale for "fortress", which in turn is derived from the Arabic "Qala") is a fortress in the eastern part of the Kerch city on the Crimean peninsula . It was built from 1699 to 1706 under Turkish rule. The fortress was built under the direction of Goloppo , an Italian who converted to Islam , for the Turkish-ruled Khanate of Crimea against the Russian Empire. Besides him, several French engineers were involved in the construction.
Jenikal was armed with powerful artillery and was located in a strategically important location on the Kerch Strait . The fortress extended over 25,000 square meters and had two powder stores, an arsenal, a water reservoir, accommodations, a bathhouse and a mosque. About 800 Turkish soldiers and 300 Tatars were stationed in Jenikal. The weak point of the fortress was the lack of fresh water. Therefore, an underground supply line was laid in the fortress from a spring several kilometers away. Jeniche served as the residence of the pasha .
In the summer of 1771 the Imperial Russian Army occupied the Crimea . The Turks left Yenicals, and under the Treaty of Kuchuk-Kainarchi of 1774, Kerch and the Yenicals fortress were taken over by Russia. The Russians briefly used the fortress as a military hospital in the 19th century, but it was soon abandoned.
Today the fortress is an impressive historical sight. The neighboring district of the city of Kerch is also called Jenikal.
