Jim (horse)
Jim was the name of a horse whose blood serum in the US for the production of anti- diphtheria - antisera was used.
Jim was a former milk truck horse. With Jim's help, more than 28 liters of diphtheria antitoxin serum was produced. However, on October 2, 1901, Jim showed symptoms of tetanus and was put to sleep. In retrospect, the death of a girl who died of tetanus was attributed to contaminated antiserum from Jim. It was found that Jim's serum on September 30 was contaminated with tetanus during the incubation phase. As a result, another twelve children in St. Louis died of tetanus acquired from the contaminated antiserum.
Similar contaminations were reported at the same time from smallpox vaccines . Since the deaths could have been avoided by testing the vaccine sera produced and some batches were incorrectly manufactured, the Biologics Control Act was passed in 1902 and the Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research was established. The accident also led to the Pure Food and Drugs Act in 1906 and the establishment of the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
See also
Individual evidence
- ^ Science and the Regulation of Biological Products. In: fda.gov. August 21, 1903, accessed July 1, 2015 .
- ^ A Short History of the National Institutes of Health. In: history.nih.gov. Retrieved July 1, 2015 .
- ^ Benjamin Levi, Jeffrey Lisiecki, Peter Rubin, Richard A. D'Amico, Keith M. Hume, Bill Seward, Paul S. Cederna: Demystifying the US Food and Drug Administration. In: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 133, 2014, p. 1495, doi : 10.1097 / PRS.0000000000000215 .
- ↑ 100 Years of Biologics Regulation . US Food and Drug Administration. April 21, 2009.
- ^ Science and the Regulation of Biological Products . US Food and Drug Administration. April 9, 2009.