Jodel DR 100

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Jodel DR 100
A Jodel DR 1050
Type: Light aircraft
Design country:

FranceFrance France

Manufacturer:

CEA , SAN

First flight:

Spring 1957 (Jodel-Robin)
July 14, 1958 (DR 100)

Production time:

1959-1966

Number of pieces:

790 (without amateur build)

The Jodel DR 100 is a light aircraft family from the French aircraft designers Jean Délémontez and Pierre Robin . Although it is officially referred to as the Jodel due to its ancestry from the Jodel D11 and the never finished Jodel D10 , it was never manufactured by Avions Jodel . Rather, it was produced by Center Est Aéronautique (CEA, predecessor of Avions Robin ) and the Société Aéronautique Normande (SAN). Further examples were realized as amateur buildings.

history

Yodel robin

In the late 1940s, Jean Délémontez began designing the D10 three-seater. He had already started building the wings when he put the project on hold in 1949 in favor of the two-seater D11 . In 1956, Pierre Robin approached him: He had already built two copies of the D11 (a D112 and a D119) and now wanted to build a three-seater version of the D119 so that he could take his wife and son with him. Then Délémontez told him about the D10 and offered him the unused wings at their material value. Robin removed the landing flaps and combined the wing with a 38 cm longer D11 fuselage and a 90 hp Continental / Rolls-Royce engine. The result - simply called Yodel-Robin and marked F-PIER - took off on its maiden flight in the spring of 1957 .

Start of series production

After the Robin-Jodel, approved as an amateur construction with a Certificat de navigabilité restreint d'aéronef (CNRA), was found to be good, it was decided to start series production. To this end, Robin founded the Center Est Aéronautique company together with Alain Cheftel in October 1957 . The Jodel-Robin could not be certified for commercial construction for various reasons. In order to be able to receive the commercial airworthiness certificate Certificat de navigabilité (CDN), the calculations had to be checked and a new prototype constructed. This completed its maiden flight under the registration number F-WIFR on July 14, 1958. The aircraft was henceforth designated as DR 100 , where D stands for Délémontez and R for Robin. Almost a year later, on July 10, 1959, it received its CDN.

A DR 100A built by SAN .

CEA bought a piece of land at Dijon-Darois airfield and built a small hangar there to build aircraft there. While the woodwork was being done on site, the few metal parts came from Jodel and other external companies. So initially 10 copies of the pre-production model DR 100A were built. At Robin's request, SAN also built several copies until a fire caused great damage in the factory on November 7, 1959.

A DR 1051.

This was followed by the DR 105 and DR 105A versions with a more powerful Continental O-200 engine (100 hp), which for the first time bore the appendix Ambassadeur (“ambassador”). These were soon replaced by the DR 1050 and the model range was supplemented by the DR 1051 equipped with a 105 hp Potez 4E20 . Manufactured in parallel by CEA and SAN, the Ambassadeur sold well and was well received by the specialist press:

“If you want to enjoy your flying with your wife and children, tour for five hours or so at 4 3/4 gal / hr in a heated cockpit, or go off and do aerobatics by yourself, it is hard to imagine an airplane in which you could do it more cheaply and comfortably. "

“If you want to enjoy flying with your wife and children, if you want to tour for five hours at 21  L / h in a heated cockpit or just want to do a little aerobatics , then it's hard to imagine an airplane with which you could do it cheaper and more comfortably. "

- Alastair Pugh : Flight International (1960)

Further development and sporting success

A sicile

At the end of May 1961, Pierre Robin started an international air race around the island of Sicily with a DR 1051 (serial number 25 ) . With an average speed of 228.8 km / h, he took second place behind a Piper Tri-Pacer and in front of a Cessna 210 . In the following year he also took second place. To this end, he had made some modifications to his Ambassadeur , which were incorporated into the CEA series production. The DR 1050 and DR 1051 produced there therefore bore the nickname Sicile from now on . As early as 1963, seven of the first ten places in the Sicily Rally were occupied by the new Sicile - first place went to Pierre Robin.

Replica of a Sicile record

In March 1964 the first flight of the SAN version Excellence followed , which received the tail of the Jodel D150 , also produced by SAN . In May of the same year, CEA also launched the Sicile Record , an improved version with a pendulum elevator. At the Sicily Rally in 1964, the DR-100 family dominated again: Robin himself took first place in his Sicile record again, followed by a Super-Fachiro and a Twin Comanche . The remaining places in the top 10 were all occupied by DR 100, with the first non-yodelling aircraft only following in 13th place.

In 1964, Robin decided to develop the Sicile-Record into a fully-fledged four-seater. The result was the DR-200 family , the prototype of which took off on its maiden flight in November of the same year.

construction

The basic construction of the DR-100 family is identical in all versions: It is a purely wooden low-wing aircraft with a tail wheel landing gear . The characteristic wings , which are bent upwards at the outer end , were taken over from the Jodel D10 and are still used in today's DR 400 with minor changes . Some examples received airbrakes , flaps were only installed as standard in the Excellence .

The wheel brakes were initially operated by cable, with the ambassador were hydraulic brakes introduced. From the Sicile onwards, aerodynamically improved wheel covers were used.

A Sicile record with the cowling removed . The picture shows the pendulum elevator, the rounded fuselage-tail transition and the improved wheel fairing.

The rudder unit of the earlier versions corresponds to that of the D11 : It consists of a large, almost rectangular rudder without any noteworthy damping fin . The Excellence , which received the tail of the D150 from SAN , has a smaller rudder in its place with a rearwardly sloping fin. The same applies to the Sicile-Record , in which the transition between the fuselage and the fin was also clearly rounded off. In the case of Excellence and Sicile-Record , the conventional horizontal stabilizer of the D11 was also replaced by a pendulum rudder and the alphanumeric designation was expanded to include an M for monobloc .

The engines used in series production were the 100 hp Continental O-200 A and the 105 hp Potez 4E20 ( 1051 versions). However, other engines, such as those from Lycoming , were also used, especially for the self-built ones .

Version overview

The following table shows an overview of the series-produced basic types. Individual pieces and amateur constructions - with the exception of the original yodel robin - are not taken into account.

designation Surname Manufacturer engine power Features and Notes
- Yodel robin Pierre Robin Continental C-90 90 hp Prototype, approved as an amateur construction
DR 100 - CEA Prototype for series production
DR 100A CEA, SAN Pre-production model
DR 105 Ambassador CEA Continental O-200 A 100 hp hydraulic wheel brakes for the first time
DR 105A CEA, SAN
DR 1050
DR 1051 Potez 4E20 105 hp
DR 1050 Sicile CEA Continental O-200A 100 hp Aerodynamically improved wheel covers for the first time
DR 1051 Potez 4E20 105 hp
DR 1050 M. Excellence SAN Continental O-200A 100 hp
  • Flaps
  • angled fin
  • Pendulum elevator
DR 1051 M Potez 4E20 105 hp
DR 1050 MM1 Sicile record CEA Continental O-200A 100 hp
  • angled fin with a rounded transition to the trunk
  • Pendulum elevator
  • sometimes only as M1 referred
DR 1051 MM1 Potez 4E20 105 hp

Since Robin also sold construction plans for self-construction in addition to finished aircraft, numerous variations of the basic models were created. For example, the Australian Frank Rogers made construction plans and drawings in English, which made the DR 100 known there under the names Sky King and Sky Queen . The following list of individual variants shows some examples of variations by amateur builders, it does not claim to be exhaustive.

DR 1050 MT
Variant of the Excellence with nose wheel landing gear , the T stands for tricycle
DR 1052 M Excellence
Variant of the Excellence with Lycoming O-235 (115 PS)
DR 1053 M Excellence
Variant of the Excellence with a 120 hp Lycoming engine
Sky Queen
Frank Rogers' variant of the DR 1050
Sky King
Frank Rogers' variant of the DR 1050 M

Technical specifications

Parameter Yodel robin Ambassador Sicile Excellence Sicile record
crew 1 pilot
Passengers 2 adults or 1 adult + 2 children
length 6.55 m 6.35 m
span 8.72 m
height ? 1.77 m
Wing area 13.6 m²
Empty mass 360 kg 400 kg 410 kg 440 kg 420 kg
total weight 700 kg k. A.
Max. Takeoff mass k. A. 750 kg 770 kg 780 kg
Cruising speed 190 km / h 200 km / h 215 km / h 220 km / h 230 km / h
Top speed 210 km / h 215 km / h 230 km / h 240 km / h 250 km / h
V NE (maximum permissible speed) 270 km / h
Service ceiling k. A. 4500 m
Tank capacity k. A. 110 L 106 L
Range 1000 km 1050 km 1000 km
Engines see version overview

literature

  • Xavier Massé: Avions yodel . Du D 1 de 1936 au DR 400 de 1996 (=  Dossiers Aéronautiques ). 2nd Edition. Nouvelles Éditions Latines, Paris 1996, ISBN 2-7233-0520-1 .
  • Xavier Massé: Avions Robin . You Jodel-Robin de 1957 au DR.500 de 2000 (=  Dossiers Aéronautiques ). 1st edition. Nouvelles Éditions Latines, Paris 2000, ISBN 2-7233-2023-5 .

Web links

Commons : Jodel DR 100  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Xavier Massé: Avions Robin. P. 27 f.
  2. ^ A b Xavier Massé: Avions Robin. P. 25 f.
  3. ^ A b Xavier Massé: Avions Robin. P. 28 f.
  4. ^ A b Xavier Massé: Avions Robin. P. 40.
  5. ↑ a b c Luftfahrt-Bundesamt : Equipment identification sheet No. 585, Edition 6, October 27, 1983, lba.de (PDF; 370 kB) accessed on February 11, 2012.
  6. ^ A b Republique Francaise, Secretariat General à l'Aviation Civile: FICHE DE NAVIGABILITE. No. 34, Edition No. 5, October 1962.
  7. ^ Frank Rogers: Jodel Golden Jubilee . In: Sport Aircraft Association of Australia (ed.): Airsport: National magazine of the Sport Aircraft Association of Australia . May / June, 1998, ISSN  0156-6016 , p. 14-17 (under the title The Jodel Story : jodel.com ( memento from February 5, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ) [accessed on March 4, 2012] Part 2 of the five-part article series). Jodel Golden Jubilee ( Memento of the original from February 5, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / jodel.com
  8. ^ Xavier Massé: Avions Robin. P. 21.
  9. ^ Xavier Massé: Avions Jodel , p. 63.
  10. ↑ Xavier Massé: Avions Jodel , p. 68.
  11. ^ Xavier Massé: Avions Robin. P. 29 f.
  12. ^ Alastair Pugh: Frenchmen from Bernay . Jodel Ambassadeur and Mousquetaire. In: Flight International . tape 78 , no. 2698 . Iliffe & Sons, London November 25, 1960, pp. 845-846 ( flightglobal.com [accessed February 8, 2012]).
  13. ↑ Lutz Gebhardt: Jodel DR.100 series aircraft s / n 25 F-BJLP 'Juliet'. ... a yodel with a very rich history. In: avions-jodel.de. September 14, 2000, accessed February 19, 2012 .
  14. ^ Xavier Massé: Avions Robin. P. 30 ff.
  15. ^ Xavier Massé: Avions Robin. P. 34 f.
  16. ^ Xavier Massé: Avions Robin. P. 35 f.
  17. ^ A b Xavier Massé: Avions Robin. P. 36 ff.
  18. ^ Neil Harrison: Racing Round Sicily . In: Flight International . Volume 86, No. 2888 . Iliffe Transport Publications, London July 16, 1964, pp. 95 ( Racing Round Sicily [accessed March 4, 2012]).
  19. ^ Xavier Massé: Avions Robin. P. 41 f.
  20. ^ Xavier Massé: Avions Robin. P. 42.
  21. ↑ a b c d Xavier Massé: Avions Robin. P. 36.
  22. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Xavier Massé: Avions Robin. P. 39.
  23. ↑ a b c David Wise: Jodel DR100 / 1050/1051 family. In: Jodel & Robin Construction Lists. Archived from the original on October 10, 2012 ; Retrieved on March 11, 2012 (English, private compilation of production lists, based, among other things, on the original production lists from CEA / Robin).
  24. ^ Xavier Massé: Avions Robin. P. 26.
  25. ↑ a b c d Xavier Massé: Avions Robin. P. 38.