John Gray (economist)
John Gray (* 1724 ; † 1811 ) was an English author of political and economic writings.
It is not identical to the utopian socialist, Owenist and Ricardian John Gray mentioned by Marx in On the Critique of Political Economy and in Volume I of Capital .
Karl Marx excerpted Gray's physiocratic views, which he had developed polemically against the basic aristocracy, in Volume I of his Theories on Surplus Value . Marx describes Gray's Essential Principles as the only significant English writing that directly follows the teaching of the Physiocrats . It contains a "very excellent and concise summary of the physiocratic doctrine". Gray correctly deduces their origin from John Locke and Jacob Vanderlint .
Gray's summary shows “very nicely” that the “privation theory”, which later economists (“renunciation theory” of the senior or “savings theory” of Adam Smith ) made the basis of capital formation , arose directly from the physiocratic view that namely in industry no added value is created. But that the physiocrats even raised the problem of how surplus value ( equated by Gray with revenue ) is produced and reproduced is what Marx calls their great achievement.
As an appendix to his work The Essential Principles of the Wealth of Nations etc. (London 1797), Gray reprinted an excerpt from James Anderson's Agricultural Report for the County of Aberdeen .
In 1802 he published another book on income tax.
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- ↑ Karl Marx: Theories about the surplus value. MEW 26.1, pp. 358-362.
- ↑ Karl Marx: Theories about the surplus value. MEW 26.1, p. 358f.
- ↑ Karl Marx: Theories about the surplus value. MEW 26.1, p. 358.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Gray, John |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | British economist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 1724 |
| DATE OF DEATH | 1811 |