Joseph I (Chaldean Catholic Patriarch)

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Joseph I (* 1647 in Amida ; † November 10, 1707 in Rome ) was patriarch of the Chaldean Catholic Church from 1681 to 1696, based in Diyarbakır (Amida).

Life

Joseph grew up under the education of the priest 'Abd Al-Ahad and was ordained Metropolitan of Amida (Diyarbakır) in 1669 in the autocephalous East Syrian Assyrian Church of the East . In the same year he made a Roman Catholic creed and was recognized by Rome as Bishop of Amida. Patriarch Eliya X of Alqosh then replaced him with an opposing bishop named David and had Joseph imprisoned. After paying a ransom, Joseph was released and went to Rome from 1673 to 1675. In 1676 he received state Ottoman recognition as "Patriarch of Amida and Mardin "; Rome initially hesitated out of respect for the existing traditional East Syrian patriarchy. Pope Innocent XI. however, recognized him in 1681 as "Patriarch of the Chaldeans". Thus Joseph I became the founder of a third patriarchate of the Eastern Syrians. Until the dissolution of this patriarchate, all of his successors carried the official name of Joseph (hence known as the "Joseph Line"). In August 1694, Patriarch Joseph fell ill and, exhausted and visually impaired, went to Rome. There he formally abdicated on February 2, 1696 and died on November 10, 1707. Some of his Syrian manuscripts, e. B. Vat. Syr. 63 of 1701 have been preserved.

The other patriarchal lines

In addition to the new Catholic "Joseph Line", the traditional line of the autocephalous Katholikoi patriarchs of Seleukia-Ctesiphon , now based in the monastery of Rabban Hormizd near Alqosh , continued to exist . Since they carried the official name Elias, they are known as the "Elias line". The central area of ​​their jurisdiction was the Mosul plain ; therefore one speaks of the “patriarchy of the plain” (Catholic from the beginning of the 19th century). Another line of patriarchs, also known as the "Patriarchate of the Mountains", began in 1553 with Sulaqa Mar Shimun and, having since become non-Catholic, still exists today in the Assyrian Church of the East .

literature

  • Albert Lampart: A Martyr of the Union with Rome, Joseph I, 1681-1696, Patriarch of the Chaldeans. Einsiedeln 1966.
  • Bernard Heyberger: Chrétiens orientaux dans l'Europe catholique (XVIIe – XVIIe siècles) . In: ders. (Ed.): Hommes de l'entre-deux . Rivages des Xantons, Paris 2009, 61–93. ISBN 978-2-84654-182-4

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ List: G. Graf: Geschichte der Christian Arabischen Literatur Vol. 4. Città del Vat. 1951, p. 100 Note 1.

Web links

predecessor Office successor
--- Patriarch of Babylon
1681–1696 		Joseph II
personal data
SURNAME Joseph I.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Patriarch of the Chaldean Catholic Church
DATE OF BIRTH 1647
PLACE OF BIRTH Amide
DATE OF DEATH November 10, 1707
Place of death Rome