Junta Provisional Gubernativa

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The Junta Provisional Gubernativa (Provisional Council of the Government) consisted of a group of ten politicians who, from March 9, 1820 to July 9, 1820, held the task of a parliamentary committee in Spain that was in office between two sessions .

Origin of the junta

Due to the revolutionary development in Spain at the beginning of 1820 as a result of the pronunciamientos of Lieutenant Colonel Rafael del Riego , King Ferdinand VII was forced to take an oath on the Constitution of Cádiz and to convene the Cortes according to the rules of the Constitution of Cádiz . In the meantime, the Junta Provisional Gubernativa was supposed to perform the tasks of parliament.

In the decree of March 9, 1820, Ferdinand VII announced the formation of the junta. The members of the junta were people who were publicly known as liberals. The most eminent Liberal leaders were not available because most of them were in exile.

  • Cardinal Luis María de Borbón y Vallabriga , president of the junta, former Archbishop of Toledo and second cousin of the king, last chairman of the Regency Council from 1814
  • Francisco Ballesteros was Vice-President of the Junta, Military, serving as Minister of War in 1815.
  • Manuel Abad y Queipo , elected Bishop of Valladolid de Mechoacan , Mexico
  • Manuel de Lardizábal y Uribe, lawyer, member of the Royal Academy of Linguistics
  • Mateo Valdemoros, former member of the Cortes of Cádiz, Minister of the Interior in 1821
  • Vicente Sancho Lawyer, military, Minister and Prime Minister at the time of Isabella II
  • Antonio Gil de Taboada Villamarín, Count of Taboada
  • Don Francisco Crespo de Tejada;
  • Bernardo de Borja Tarrius, former member of the Cortes of Cádiz, member of the Senate from 1841
  • Ignacio de la Pezuela, member of the Regency Council 1810–1814

Position of the junta

In contrast to its name (Gubernativa), the junta had no direct governmental functions. The junta filled a void created by the loss of previous power. It embodied national sovereignty until it passed to the new Cortes. All major decisions went through their hands. The junta was seen by its members as a transitional body that the justification for its actions derived from the popular will, which was documented in the uprisings and in the legalization through the consent of the king. The junta exercised the rights that would have been granted to the Diputacion Permanente de Cortes (Art 157 ff) (Committee of the Cortes that exercises parliamentary rights between meetings) under the Cadiz Constitution . The junta also exercised the rights granted to a Regency Council (Art. 190f.) In the Cádiz Constitution, with the restriction that the king countersign the decisions. The rights of the Council of State (Art. 231 ff) such as B. Appointments to senior civil servants were exercised by the junta. The authority of the junta resulted primarily from the fact that almost all of its measures resulted from the upheaval situation and initially met little-founded criticism. The junta's activity took place in the background. The king and the ministers acted externally.

Activity of the junta

The most important immediate action taken at the initiative of the junta was a suspension of prosecution for political offenses. This enabled liberal politicians living abroad to return to Spain and take part in the Cortes elections. Under pressure from the junta, on March 10, 1820, the old cabinet was expanded to include the Interior and Overseas Ministries, and shortly afterwards, on March 18, the entire cabinet was filled by the king. The seven members of the new cabinet, with the exception of the War and Navy Ministers, were former members of the Cortes of Cadiz.

With the meeting of the new Cortes on July 9, 1820, the Junta Provisional Gubernativa ceased its activities. In a manifesto , she documented the situation when they first met and their work.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ in: Marqués de Miraflores: Documentos… sobre la Revolución de España Oficina de Ricardo Taylor, London 1834 Volume IS 93
  2. ↑ in: Marqués de Miraflores: Documentos… sobre la Revolución de España Oficina de Ricardo Taylor, London 1834 Volume IS 105 ff

literature

  • Blanca Esther Buldain Jaca: El Poder en 1820: la Junta Provisional y el Gobierno Revista de la Facultad de Geografia e Historia, núm. 1, 1987
  • Marqués de Miraflores: Documentos… sobre la Revolución de España Oficina de Ricardo Taylor, London 1834 Volume I.

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