Hans Holzwarth
Hans Theodor Holzwarth (* 20th August 1877 in Dornhan , † 21st August 1953 in Dusseldorf ) was a German mechanical engineering - engineering . He became known as the inventor of the first fully functional gas turbine that was ready for the market .
Life
Hans Holzwarth was born in Dornhan near Schramberg in 1877 . His father Albert Holzwarth was mayor of the city of Schramberg and was later made an honorary citizen of Schramberg for his services to the industrialization of the city .
After finishing school, Holzwarth studied mechanical engineering at the Technical University of Stuttgart , where he passed the first state examination in 1901. This was followed by a brief career at MAN , then from 1903 to 1908 Holzwarth worked for Hooven, Owens, Rentschler & Co (HOR) in Hamilton, Ohio, USA . For HOR he first developed a steam turbine known as the Hamilton-Holzwarth turbine . During his time at HOR, however, he also began developing work on a "deflagration gas turbine".
After returning to Germany, Holzwarth worked as a freelancer for a short time in order to devote himself entirely to the further development and marketing of his gas turbine. He became an employee of the machine factory Thyssen & Co. in Mülheim an der Ruhr , on whose behalf he built the first two functioning prototypes (with financial support from his cousin Erhard Junghans, co-heir and commercial manager of the Junghans watch factory ). After a long collaboration with Brown, Boveri & Cie. (BBC) Holzwarth finally founded his own company in Mülheim in 1927, Holzwarth-Gasturbinen GmbH .
The Holzwarth gas turbine
The "explosion" turbine developed by Holzwarth from 1905 onwards differs fundamentally from the gas turbines commonly used today in that the combustion in the Holzwarth GT takes place in a combustion chamber with a constant volume ( isochoric ) closed off by valves , discontinuously clocked, ignited by a magneto . Holzwarth took over this functionality from the gasoline engine . Since the pressure increase in the combustion chamber only occurs when the gas is ignited, the Holzwarth GT managed without a turbo compressor . Holzwarth took over the actual expansion turbine from the steam turbines; it is a 2-stage Curtis turbine .
Holzwarth turbines were built in large numbers by the BBC in particular until the late 1930s; later, today's standard construction with turbo compressor, continuous combustion and open combustion chamber prevailed.
Honors
- 1927: Honorary doctorate from the TH Stuttgart.
- 1952: Cross of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
Individual evidence
- ^ Hans Holzwarth , In: Internationales Biographisches Archiv. 42/1953, October 5, 1953, in the Munzinger archive ( beginning of article freely accessible)
- ↑ a b c Neue Deutsche Biographie (see literature)
- ^ H. Wilda: Steam Turbines - Development and Engineering: Their Theory and Construction. Watchmaker Publishing, 2003, ISBN 1-929148-26-7 .
- ↑ Albert Bantlin: American steam turbines . Verlag A. Kröner, 1905, p. 28 f . ( limited preview in Google Book search).
- ^ First Holzwarth experimental gas turbine, 1908. Deutsches Museum, accessed on February 10, 2011 .
- ^ University archive Stuttgart: inventory overview ( Memento from July 3, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
literature
- Manfred Busch: The Holzwarth gas turbine. In: Stuttgart technical history lectures. 1980/81, p. 161ff.
- Hans Holzwarth: The gas turbine - theory, construction and operating results of two executed machines. Oldenbourg Verlag, Munich 1911.
- Gustav Goldbeck: Holzwarth, Hans. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 9, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1972, ISBN 3-428-00190-7 , p. 581 ( digitized version ).
Web links
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Holzwarth, Hans |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Holzwarth, Hans Theodor (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German engineer and gas turbine inventor |
| DATE OF BIRTH | August 20, 1877 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Dornhan |
| DATE OF DEATH | August 21, 1953 |
| Place of death | Dusseldorf |