Royal cave
| Royal cave
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 Royal cave |
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| Location: | Lower Austria , Austria | |
| Height : | 350 m above sea level A. | |
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Geographic location: |
48 ° 0 '14 " N , 16 ° 12' 2.4" E | |
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| Cadastral number: | 1911/27 | |
| Geology: | Main dolomite | |
| Overall length: | 25 m | |
The 25 m deep Königshöhle (locally also called dwarf cave or smoke stall ) is the eponymous site for the Neolithic Baden culture in Austria . West of Baden , at the entrance to the Helenental valley, the hill with the Rauheneck castle ruins rises . The narrow Wolfstal lies between the Rauhenecker plateau and the small Lindenkogel to the northwest. Almost at the end of this incision, on the northwest slope under the plateau and below a limestone cliff at a height of about 350 m, is the Königshöhle, which you enter through a 16 m wide and 3 m high portal. Under a window four meters in diameter in the ceiling of the cave lies a massive fall block.
In the 1920s, Oswald Menghin (1888–1973) and Josef Bayer (1882–1931) gave the title of the examined finds. A complete treatise on Baden culture, however, was not published until 1956 by the Hungarian János Banner (1888–1971). During the excavations, allegedly worked bones, remains of the cave bear and silices were found in the lowest, yellowish sand layer . An allocation to the Paleolithic can no longer be proven. Above that lay a thick layer of ash in which, among other things, the early Neolithic ceramics of the Baden culture were found. Typical are amphora-like vessels, flat bowls with varied decorations, including an anthropomorphic representation, cups and jugs with raised ribbon handles and cylinder neck vessels with cord loops. Furthermore, spindle whorls, stone and bone tools, shards with notehead ornamentation (line ceramic), a clay spoon (possibly Lengyel culture) and evidence of the early Bronze Age (e.g. Litzenkeramik) as well as a copper eyelet collar. A follis section by Emperor Gratian (359–383) from Roman times represents a final point.
On the Rauhenecker plateau in the Hildegardenruhe area lies an extensive, walled hill settlement of the Hallstatt culture . The cave was declared a natural monument in 1973 and is also used for bouldering .
literature
- Hertha Ladenbauer-Orel: The early Neolithic ceramics from the royal cave of Baden near Vienna. In: Archaeologia Austriaca 16 (1954) pp. 67-99.
swell
- ↑ Notification ( Memento of the original from December 22, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. of the Lower Austrian provincial government of October 11, 1973
