Pisticci concentration camp

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Campo di Concentramento Pisticci (Italy)
Campo di Concentramento Pisticci
Campo di Concentramento Pisticci

The Pisticci concentration camp ( campo di concentramento di Pisticci ) near the municipality of Pisticci in the province of Matera was the first concentration camp of Fascist Italy on Italian soil and existed from April 1939 to September 13, 1943.

history

In 1926 Italy passed the Political Exile Law and political opponents were segregated from society on Italian islands and forced to live on the verge of subsistence under strict police control. The establishment of the Pisticci camp represented a step towards more exclusion and repression . The dangerous opposition members should now also be interned in the interior of the country. The re-education ( rieduazione ) of anti-fascists through work should on the one hand be a punishment and on the other hand make an extremely poor and malaria-prone larger region arable. In April 1939 the first exiles were quartered in eight sheds. The village of Marconia, four kilometers away, was built by the internees in about two years. The detainees received 11 lira a day and were motivated to work with the promise that they would deduct four months from their prison sentences for every year of work.

During the war, in addition to the anti-fascist exiles, there were also Italian prisoners and foreigners, the majority of whom were Yugoslavs, in Pisticci. After the liberation by the Allied troops, the camp was used for displaced persons . Around 18,000 refugees and evacuees had been transferred there by 1952.

Prisoner Numbers
June 1941 August 1941 December 1941 March 1942 September 1942 December 1942 February 1943 April 1943 July 1943
571 507 776 705 997 708 794 824 866

Web links

literature

  • Amadeo Osti Guerazzi, Constantino di Sante: The history of the concentration camps in Fascist Italy . In: Fascism in Italy and Germany. Contributions to the history of National Socialism, Volume 21, Eds. Reichardt and Nolzen, Wallstein 2004, ISBN 3-89244-939-2 , p. 181 ff.
  • Carlo Spartaco Capogreco: I campi del duce . Giulio Einaudi 2004, ISBN 88-06-16781-2 , p. 232 ff.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Klaus Voigt: Refuge on revocation. Klett-Cotta 1993, Volume 2, ISBN 3-608-91160-X , p. 54.
  2. ↑ Amadeo Osti Guerazzi, Constantino di Sante: The history of the concentration camps in Fascist Italy. P. 184.
  3. ↑ Carlo Spartaco Capogreco: I Campi del duce . Giulio Einaudi 2004, ISBN 88-06-16781-2 , p. 234.