Culm Cadet House

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Building of the former cadet school

The Kadettenhaus was an educational institution in Culm (Kulm, Chełmno) in West Prussia from 1776 to 1890. It was then moved to Köslin .

history

On June 1, 1776, a cadet house was opened in Culm on the initiative of King Friedrich II . It was the third in Prussia after those in Berlin and Stolpe. The city had come from the Kingdom of Poland to the Kingdom of Prussia only four years earlier . There was a garrison there since 1773.

In 1806 it remained in place even after the city was handed over to the Duchy of Warsaw . The Prussian teachers were replaced by Polish ones.

Since 1815 the cadet house was again under Prussian control. The facility was expanded over the next few years.

In 1890 the training center was relocated to Köslin, Pomerania, where it was closed in 1920.

The buildings have been preserved in today's Chełmno at 22 Stycznia Street 16 and are used as residential buildings.

Structures

Since 1776 there were a total of 60 students in the cadet school, since 1787 100. The boys were trained in religion, reading, writing, arithmetic and basic knowledge of history and geography, as well as French, fencing and dancing. The admission age was between 10 and 14 years. After that, the graduates mostly went to the Prussian army and began an officer career there.

The teachers ( informators , court masters ) were theologians in the beginning after completing their studies. Half of them were Protestant and half Catholic and had to speak German and Polish. Each informator looked after eight students. There was also one (later two) French teacher and one for fencing and dancing, as well as a cadet governor (educator?). The management of the cadet house was a veteran officer with the rank of major or captain.

The students mostly came from the nobility in West Prussia, who were predominantly Polish. The training led the graduates to get closer to German culture and to integrate them into the structures of the Prussian army.

literature

  • Bernhard von Gélieu: 1890–1990 Culm - Köslin. Cadet House - Stabila - NPEA . Butzbach 1990
  • Herbert Nimz, Friedrich-Carl Gerlich: The cadet house Culm-Köslin, a foundation of Frederick the Great . 1976. Typescript

Web links

Commons : Building of the former cadet school  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Ulrich Müller: The city of Chełmno / Culm and the first partition of Poland. 2016. p. 172f. (= Diss. FU Berlin 2014, pp. 207f. PDF )
  2. ↑ PJ Junker: Program with which the public examination in the Royal Catholic High School in Conitz [...] invites . Conitz 1838. p. 43. PDF
  3. ↑ building of the former cadet school Zabytek (Polish)
  4. ^ Ulrich Müller: The city of Chełmno / Culm and the first partition of Poland. 2016. S. 162. (= Diss. FU Berlin 2014. S. 194f. PDF ), with detailed information for the time of origin
  5. ^ Friedrich Nicolai : Description of the royal residence cities Berlin and Potsdam. Berlin 1779. p. 197, note 1, with a brief description for Stolpe and Kulm
  6. ^ Zenon Hubert Nowak: Dzieje Chełmna do konća XVIII wieku. In: Marian Biskup (red.): Dzieje Chełmna, zarys monograficzny . Toruń 1987. pp. 123f., Quoted in Ulrich Müller, p. 162 note (PDF p. 195)


Coordinates: 53 ° 20 ′ 54.8 "  N , 18 ° 25 ′ 33.2"  E