Kaeo (Lan Na)

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Phaya Kaeo ( Thai พญา แก้ว , full name Phaya Kaeo Phutta Thipati Racha Chao , also Phra Mueangkaeo or Tilokpanatdathirat ; * 1480 ; †  1525 ) was king of the kingdom of Lan Na in what is now northern Thailand between 1495 and 1525 .

Phaya Kaeo was a son of King Yot Chiang Rai and Nang Pongnoi. He was first called chao rat ratchabut (Crown Prince), or Phaya Kaeo Phutta Thipati Racha Chao, abbreviated to Phaya Kaeo.

Early fights

Phaya Kaeo was out to weaken the mighty kingdom of Ayutthaya in the south and attacked Sukhothai in 1507 , but in vain. A series of military operations developed, and Kaeo was able to extend Lan Na to Kamphaeng Phet and Chaliang for a time . In 1515, King Ramathibodi II of Ayutthaya (ruled 1491 to 1529) reversed the situation and took Lampang , but he was also unable to keep it. After all, he took a large number of people with him to the south who were needed as labor. As a result, it remained peaceful, and both empires focused on developing their infrastructure.

extension of infrastructure

In 1516 Kaeo ordered the building of a brick wall around Lamphun, a little later he had the inner wall built around Chiang Mai and undertook the dismantling of the old palace of Tilokarat above the moat on the corner of Siphum. New government buildings were erected between 1520 and 1521.

Wat Phrathat Haripunchai

Promotion of Buddhism

The Jinakalamali Chronicle , which the respected monk Ratanañña Thera wrote during his reign, gives a detailed overview of the measures with which Kaeo promoted Buddhism in Lan Na. Many of the steles tell of his building work and reconstructions that took place at the temples. For this the king donated slaves and land. Every year he donated for Wat Phrathat Hariphunchai in the capital; he had the temples Wat Buppharam (Meng) and Wat Sisuphan built in 1496 and 1500 respectively.

Monks were encouraged to study the ancient Pali and Tripitaka languages and write works. Kaeo also arranged for members of the royal family to study Buddhist literature in the temple school.

Late years

Between 1523 and 1525, the Lan Na Kingdom was weakened again when 20,000 soldiers were sent to Keng Tung . They were completely defeated and suffered great losses. Many high-ranking nobles and governors died, whereupon Kaeo had the high commander executed. In the penultimate year of his reign, many people died again, this time as a result of a flood.

Phaya Kaeo died in 1525 at the age of 44.

literature

  • Sarassawadee Ongsakul: History of Lan Na. Silkworm Books, Chiang Mai 2005, ISBN 974-9575-84-9 .
  • David K. Wyatt, Aroonrut Wichienkeeo: The Chiang Mai Chronicle. Silkworm Books, Chiang Mai 1998, ISBN 974-7100-62-2 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ According to the Chiang Mai Chronicle
  2. ↑ According to the Yonok Chronicle
  3. ↑ According to the Jinakalamali Chronicle
  4. ↑ Wyatt, Wichienkeeo (1998), p. 108.
  5. ↑ a b c Ongsakul (2005), p. 81.
  6. ↑ Ongsakul (2005), p. 83.
personal data
SURNAME Kaeo
ALTERNATIVE NAMES พญา แก้ว (Thai); Phaya Kaeo Phutta Thipati Racha Chao; Phra Mueangkaeo; Tilocpanatdathirat
BRIEF DESCRIPTION King of the Kingdom of Lan Na
DATE OF BIRTH 1480
DATE OF DEATH 1525