Neuwerk Monastery (Halle)
The monastery Neuwerk was a 1116 in Halle an der Saale based pen of Augustinian canons . The monastery buildings are no longer preserved today, individual structural elements were reused in the New Residence .
history
In 1116, the Archbishop of Magdeburg, Adelgotus, began building the Neuwerk monastery north of the city walls of Halle with the help of the citizens of Halle. According to legend, the choice of the construction site was made through the vision of a wealthy citizen who saw a glowing harrow rising towards the sky at this point . On July 5, 1121, Count Rogerus von Veltheim issued the official foundation privilege and constituted the monastery as the spiritual center of Halle, to which the parish churches and spiritual jurisdiction were subject. The monastery was the first institution in Halle to be granted school rights. The church was consecrated to him at the latest after the relics of St. Alexander had been transferred in 1124.
The canons for the settlement probably originally came from the Reichersberg monastery , whose provost Berwinus (or Berewigus) had fled to Saxony due to political disagreements and was accepted into Giebichenstein . Berewigus von Rodenbach became the first provost of Neuwerk, his successor Lambert led the monastery for 26 years and was buried in the monastery in 1144. Count Heinrich von Bodenburg, who was seriously injured in a judicial duel, was said to have been healed at his grave in 1153; Lambert was later canonized as Lambert von Neuwerk .
The Neumarkt settlement was built around the monastery, the parish church of which is today's St. Laurentius Church .
On December 11, 1445, a princely court of arbitration met in the Neuwerk monastery to settle the disputes over the division of the Wettin lands, and it was there that it passed the Hallesche ruling .
In the course of the Reformation , the Neuwerk monastery ran into difficulties, and from 1520 Margrave Albrecht of Brandenburg began building a new monastery, which was consecrated in 1523. The center of the new monastery was today's cathedral church in Halle . The new monastery took over the administrative and judicial functions of Neuwerk, which sank into insignificance. In 1528 the last provost handed the monastery over to Cardinal Albrecht . In 1530 the Neuwerk monastery was closed, the last mass was sung in 1531 and then all church buildings were demolished. All assets went to the new pen.
Preserved farm buildings were used as warehouses until the 19th century; the former farm areas on the Saalehang initially served as a “princely kitchen garden” and were later designated for the Halle Botanical Garden , which was founded in 1698. The stone mill , which was once part of the monastery and was first mentioned in 1121, has been preserved in Halle to this day.
exploration
While the documented sources of the Neuwerk monastery have been worked up quite well, no traces of buildings have been preserved above ground. The Halle-Neuwerk housing estate and the Halle Botanical Garden are located on the former site of the monastery complex . During an archaeological excavation in 2019/20 in connection with the redevelopment and restoration of the botanical garden and the reconstruction of buildings for the Martin Luther University, in addition to 117 medieval burials, remains of the former monastery church were unearthed. Under the demolition layers of the 16th century. Remains of a foundation emerged, the excavation pit of which could be followed and finally the southern side apse and the main apse of the large church building could be seen.
The former location of the sacred building had long been assumed to be much further towards the Saale. Historical views of the site, all of which were only made after the church was demolished, led to a misinterpretation of the location.
Individual evidence
- ^ Ernst Maximilian Lambert: The Halle patriciate: a contribution to the history of the German city constitutions of the Middle Ages . 1866, p. 19ff
- ↑ liborius.de ( Memento of the original from September 22, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ H. Bresslau: The vita of the Provost Lambert von Neuwerk near Halle . New archive of the Society for Older German History, Vol. 41, 1919, p. 591
- ↑ Hans Goetting: The diocese of the ecclesiastical province of Mainz - the diocese of Hildesheim 3: The Hildesheim bishops from 815 to 1221 (1227) . Walter de Gruyter, 1973, p. 341ff
- ↑ History sheets for the city and state of Magdeburg: Mittheilungen of the association for the history and antiquity of the Duchy and Archbishopric Magdeburg, Volume 1–2 , E. Baensch jun., 1866, S. 155ff
- ↑ Andrea Thiele : Neuwerk - from Canon Monastery to Villa Area . Association for Halle City History, online at stadtgeschichte-halle.de, seen June 18, 2010
- ^ Arthur Bierbach: Document book of the city of Halle, its donors and monasteries (Vol. 1-3). In: Regesta Imperii. Retrieved June 2, 2020 .
- ↑ Enrico Seppelt: Foundations of an old church found in the botanical garden . You are Halle, May 25, 2020, accessed on May 26, 2020.
- ↑ mdr.de: "Archaeological Sensation": Remains of hundreds of years old church discovered in Halle | MDR.DE. Retrieved June 2, 2020 .
- ↑ Significant discovery during archaeological excavations in the Botanical Garden - State Office for Monument Preservation and Archeology Saxony-Anhalt / State Museum for Prehistory Halle. Retrieved June 2, 2020 .
Coordinates: 51 ° 29 ′ 21 ″ N , 11 ° 57 ′ 32 ″ E