Oberndorf Monastery

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The Oberndorf or Averdorp monastery was a Premonstratensian monastery near Wesel on the Lower Rhine was founded in the 12th century as the city's oldest monastery, destroyed in 1587 and abolished in 1626. The unfortified suburb of Averdorp was in the vicinity of the monastery.

location

The monastery was located south of the oldest town center near the mouth of the Lippe into the Rhine . A section of Bundesstraße 8 north of the Lippeglacis is called Oberndorfstraße, but does not exactly reflect the position of the monastery. From today's perspective, it was located between the Südring, which also belongs to the B 8, and the mouth of the Lippe in the area of ​​the urban Rhine port of Wesel . Today the western end of Hafenstrasse runs roughly there.

history

The monastery is said to have been founded between 1122 and 1125, after members of the Cappenberg family donated a court owned by them to the founder of the Premonstratensian order Norbert von Xanten on the site of the later monastery. However, this process is historically not considered certain. Around 1145, most of the nuns moved from the first Premonstratensian monastery, Kloster Cappenberg, to Oberndorf. The monastery church of Oberndorf was consecrated around 1155. In the early phase of the monastery, there were considerable conflicts with the Wesel population, as documents from 1163 and 1233 show. The background to this was that unauthorized wood was felled several times in the monastery forest. The Premonstratensian monastery was given the status of a priory and had power over several churches in the area. From 1277 this included the Wesel town church St. Willibrord . In terms of canon law, the position of the Premonstratensian women reached so far that the Augustinian monastery in Wesel city center was only possible with the consent of the Oberndorf monastery in the 1350s.

In the 16th century, the monastery and the nearby town were affected by the Reformation and in 1585 the majority of the nuns belonged to the Evangelical Lutheran denomination. In 1587 Wesel citizens demanded the destruction of the monastery and the surrounding suburb of Averdorp / Oberndorf. The destruction of the monastery is said to have been carried out arbitrarily and against the will of the council. The destruction was based on the fear that the monastery could serve as a hideout for enemies in front of the city. In 1606 the city of Wesel had to pay the provost of Cappenberg compensation. The community of nuns initially continued to exist after the destruction and moved into the abandoned Augustinian monastery in downtown Wesel. In 1626 the monastery community was abolished. The attempt to set up a community of Premonstratensian monks in Wesel followed, but this failed. On the instructions of the Elector of Brandenburg, a monastery-like women's monastery for noble women was created under the name Oberndorf , which lasted until 1802 and, in addition to a Protestant majority, had the prescribed proportion of a quarter of Catholic women.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Entry on Premonstratensian priory in Oberndorf in the " KuLaDig " database of the Rhineland Regional Association , accessed on August 9, 2017.
  2. ↑ Communication No. 106 (historical-vereinigung-wesel.de)
  3. ↑ Communication No. 2 (historical-vereinigung-wesel.de)
  4. ↑ a b c d e Oberndorf (praemonstratenser.de)
  5. ↑ Hartmut Zückert: Common land and common land lifting: comparative studies on the late Middle Ages up to the agricultural reforms of the 18th and 19th centuries. Century, p. 123
  6. ↑ Communication No. 109 (historical-vereinigung-wesel.de)
  7. ↑ a b Communication No. 107 (historical-vereinigung-wesel.de)
  8. ↑ A deadline became a monastery - the Augustinian hermits in Wesel. (wesel.de)

Coordinates: 51 ° 39 ′ 4.7 "  N , 6 ° 36 ′ 28.2"  E