St. Jakob Monastery (Mainz)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
St. Jakob Monastery in Mainz
Excerpt from Matthäus Merian's "Topographia Hassiae et regionum vicinarum"

The St. Jakob Monastery (also Jakobskloster or St. Jakob (sberg) abbey ; lat.Abbatia Sancti Jacobi Maioris in Monte specioso ) was a Benedictine abbey in front of the gates of the city of Mainz , the seat of the archbishopric from 1051 to 1802 Mainz in Germany .

history

Several sources show that the foundation of the Benedictine monastery was initiated by the Archbishop of Mainz Bardo in 1050, but was only realized by his successor Liutpolt . A plateau immediately south of the city on the "Beautiful Mountain" (Mons Speciosus) was selected as the location. The mountain was later also called "Jakobsberg" after the patron saint of the monastery, the apostle James the Elder . The new abbey probably belonged to the beginning of the Gorz reform . The weakness of the papacy in the 11th century made reforms necessary. Emperor Heinrich III. lifted men he liked on the chair of Peter who no longer came from noble Roman families, but came from the empire. They brought the reform movements of Cluny and Gorze , which were already alive in the empire, to Rome. One of the most important representatives of these reform popes was the former bishop of Toul , Leo IX. (1049-1054). In the first year of his pontificate, in October 1049, he came to Mainz and held a large church assembly in the new Mainz Cathedral , which was also attended by Emperor Heinrich III. and 40 Reich bishops participated. In order to anchor the Gorz reform more deeply in the diocese, construction of the new monastery began the following year. In 1055 the monastery was consecrated by Bardo's successor Liutpold, who was also buried there later.

today

The Jakobsbergstrasse monument zone today reminds of the Jakobskloster in Mainz and the name Jakobsberg , in which the block development at the corner of Jakobsbergstrasse and Neutorstrasse is essentially based on the uniform three-storey apartment buildings of the monastery built in 1791.

further reading

  • Mathias Miedreich: The Benedictine Abbey of St. Jakob near Mainz - a monastery of the Bursfeld Congregation - between the Peace of Westphalia and the Thirty Years War (1648-1756). (= Sources and treatises on church history in the Middle Rhine, Vol. 143), Aschendorff, Münster (Westf.) 2020, ISBN 978-3-402-15950-7 .
  • Fritz Schillmann: Wolfgang Trefler and the library of the Jakobskloster in Mainz. (= Supplements to the Central Sheet for Libraries. Volume 43). Leipzig 1913, reprint Wiesbaden 1968.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Klaus Herbers : The Jacobus cult in East Central Europe . Gunter Narr Verlag 2003.
  2. ^ Regesta Imperii
  3. ↑ History of the Pope's visits to Germany , accessed on June 20, 2014.
  4. ^ Johann Peter Schunk: Contributions to the History of Mainz , Volume II Mainz 1789, p. 227.
  5. ^ Ludwig Falck: The archbishop metropolis. 1011-1244. In: Franz Dumont (ed.), Ferdinand Scherf , Friedrich Schütz : Mainz - The history of the city. Mainz 1999. p. 116.

Web links

Coordinates: 49 ° 59 ′ 35 ″  N , 8 ° 16 ′ 27 ″  E