Kodak (fortress)

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Fortress plan (1635)

Kodak ( Polish Kudak , Ukrainian Кодак ) was a Polish fortress that was built in 1635 on the initiative of Stanisław Koniecpolski 10 km below today's Dnipro on the right bank of the Dnieper opposite the mouth of the Samara . It served to control the Zaporozhian Cossacks . In particular, Ukrainian farmers should be prevented from joining them.

The fortress was captured in the same year in a surprise attack by Cossacks under Ivan Sulyma , who killed the 200-strong crew and destroyed the fortress. In 1639, Kodak was rebuilt by the Poles twice as large as the first fortification. In the course of the Khmelnytskyi Uprising , the fortress, commanded by Krzysztof Grodzicki , was besieged by Cossack troops for seven months in 1648 before it surrendered.

After the Treaty of Perejaslav in 1654, Kodak became a Cossack fortress until it was razed by the Russians in 1711 due to the peace treaty of the Prut with the Ottoman Empire . The settlement of Stari Kodak was located near the fortress .

A quarry was operated in the immediate vicinity of the fortress ruins since 1940, which led to the destruction of large parts of the remains of the fortress. Today, the remains of the fortress are located above the former quarry, which has now been filled with water, in the village of Stari Kodaky ( Старі Кодаки , Nowooleksandriwka municipality ) in Dnipro district .

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Coordinates: 48 ° 22 '53 "  N , 35 ° 8' 12.1"  E