Collision Induced Dissociation

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The collision-induced dissociation ( English collision-induced dissociation , CID, synonym collisionally activated dissociation ) is a method of fragmentation of molecular ions in the gas phase in the mass spectrometry .

principle

The collision-induced dissociation leads to a further fragmentation of the molecular ions in mass spectrometry. CID allows ambiguously identified fragments to be fragmented again after acceleration in an electric field by colliding with neutral gas molecules (e.g. helium , nitrogen , argon ) in order to obtain smaller and clearly identifiable fragments. As a result of the collision, part of the energy is absorbed by the molecular ions as kinetic energy, and a further part of the energy is absorbed as internal energy , which leads to a fragmentation of the molecular ions.

use

The CID is, inter alia, in some triple quadrupole mass spectrometers , reflectron - flight mass spectrometers (eg for. De novo peptide sequencing ) and the transform Fourier - cyclotron resonance using mass spectrometry. As an alternative to CID, fragmentation can be achieved in a reflectron by means of a LASER- induced post-source decay (PSD). In the case of multiply charged fragments, further fragmentation can also be achieved by electron capture dissociation or electron impact ionization . Another form of dissociation is e.g. B. the infrared multiphoton dissociation.

Triple quadrupole mass spectrometer

In a mass spectrometer with three quadrupoles , the first quadrupole serves as a mass filter to select the molecular ions, the second quadrupole as a collision chamber and the third to separate the fragments in front of the detector.

Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry

The sustained off-resonance irradiation collision-induced dissociation (SORI-CID) is a CID method in Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. The molecular ions are accelerated circularly in an ion trap and the particle density is increased at the same time, which leads to CID.

Higher energies collisions

Higher-energy collisional dissociation (HCD or HE CID, synonymous higher-energy C-trap dissociation ) is a method for CID in Orbitrap mass spectrometers, in which the fragmentation takes place outside the C-trap. The molecular ions migrate through the C-trap into the collision chamber (an octopole collision cell) and back via the C-trap for injection into the orbitrap . HCD has a higher cut-off value in the analysis of the masses and can be used with an isobar label . The collision energy with the HCD is in the upper range of the collision-induced dissociations of lower energy at less than 1000 electron volts .

Forms of fragmentation

Homolytic fragmentation
Heterolytic fragmentation

In homolytic cleavage , after dissociation, each fragment retains one of the electrons from the cleaved bond . In contrast, in the case of heterolytic cleavage, one of the two fragments receives both electrons of the cleaved bond. The cleavage can also be spatially separated from the charge of the molecular ion ( charge remote fragmentation ), which can occur in tandem mass spectrometry .

See also

Individual evidence

  1. JM Wells, SA McLuckey: Collision-induced dissociation (CID) of peptides and proteins. In: Methods in enzymology. Volume 402, 2005, ISSN  0076-6879 , pp. 148-185, doi : 10.1016 / S0076-6879 (05) 02005-7 , PMID 16401509 .
  2. ^ AP Kafka, T. Kleffmann, T. Rades, A. McDowell: The application of MALDI TOF MS in biopharmaceutical research. In: International journal of pharmaceutics. Volume 417, Number 1-2, September 2011, ISSN  1873-3476 , pp. 70-82, doi : 10.1016 / j.ijpharm.2010.12.010 , PMID 21147205 .
  3. JP Reilly: Ultraviolet photofragmentation of biomolecular ions. In: Mass spectrometry reviews. Volume 28, number 3, 2009, ISSN  1098-2787 , pp. 425-447, doi : 10.1002 / mas.20214 , PMID 19241462 .
  4. ^ KF Medzihradszky: Peptide sequence analysis. In: Methods in enzymology. Volume 402, 2005, ISSN  0076-6879 , pp. 209-244, doi : 10.1016 / S0076-6879 (05) 02007-0 , PMID 16401511 .
  5. G. Hart-Smith: A review of electron-capture and electron-transfer dissociation tandem mass spectrometry in polymer chemistry. In: Analytica chimica acta. Volume 808, January 2014, ISSN  1873-4324 , pp. 44-55, doi : 10.1016 / j.aca.2013.09.033 , PMID 24370092 .
  6. A. Guthals, N. Bandeira: Peptide identification by tandem mass spectrometry fragmentation with alternate modes. In: Molecular & cellular proteomics: MCP. Volume 11, number 9, September 2012, ISSN  1535-9484 , pp. 550-557, doi : 10.1074 / mcp.R112.018556 , PMID 22595789 , PMC 3434779 (free full text).
  7. a b J. V. Olsen, B. Macek, O. Lange, A. Makarov, S. Horning, M. Mann: Higher-energy C-trap dissociation for peptide modification analysis. In: Nature methods. Volume 4, Number 9, September 2007, ISSN  1548-7091 , pp. 709-712, doi : 10.1038 / nmeth1060 , PMID 17721543 .
  8. Kermit K. Murray, Robert K. Boyd, Marcos N. Eberlin, G. John Langley, Liang Li, Yasuhide Naito: Definitions of terms relating to mass spectrometry (IUPAC Recommendations 2013). In: Pure and Applied Chemistry. 85, 2013, S., doi : 10.1351 / PAC-REC-06-04-06 .
  9. Entry on homolysis (homolytic) . In: IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology (the “Gold Book”) . doi : 10.1351 / goldbook.H02851 Version: 2.3.3.
  10. ^ Entry on heterolysis (heterolytic) . In: IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology (the “Gold Book”) . doi : 10.1351 / goldbook.H02809 Version: 2.3.3.
  11. ^ C. Cheng, ML Gross: Applications and mechanisms of charge-remote fragmentation. In: Mass spectrometry reviews. Volume 19, Number 6, 2000 Nov-Dec, ISSN  0277-7037 , pp. 398-420, doi : 10.1002 / 1098-2787 (2000) 19: 6 <398 :: AID-MAS3> 3.0.CO; 2-B , PMID 11199379 .
  12. Michael L Gross: Charge-remote fragmentation: an account of research on mechanisms and applications. In: International Journal of Mass Spectrometry. 200, 2000, pp. 611-624, doi : 10.1016 / S1387-3806 (00) 00372-9 .
  13. unknown: Remote-site (charge-remote) fragmentation. In: Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry. 2, 1988, pp. 214-217, doi : 10.1002 / rcm.1290021009 .