Municipal business development

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The primary goal of municipal economic development in Germany is to strengthen economic power and create new jobs at the municipal level . Due to the employment, tax, infrastructural and image-relevant effects, it is a central element for growth, quality of life and prosperity in cities, communities and regions. The establishment of a municipal economic development agency is perceived as a voluntary task of the municipal self-administration on its own responsibility and designed in its own way. The most important tasks are the comprehensive portfolio development, the acquisition of new companies and the promotion of start-ups . Depending on the size of the city or municipality, the local conditions or specific objectives or action requirements, however, the most varied of priorities and specific tasks can be found in practice. While inventory development and maintenance is geared towards creating optimal framework conditions for entrepreneurially successful local action in order to bind companies and jobs, entire companies or parts of them should be encouraged to settle in the municipality through targeted approach within the framework of acquisitions. The top priority in the subject areas to be dealt with in municipal economic development are usually the brokering and development of commercial and industrial areas as well as internal and external location marketing. In view of the limited availability of qualified workers, the subject of the need for skilled workers is gaining importance as a future field of action. Municipal economic development is to be assigned to the persuasive instruments of regional development .

Organizational forms

There are no legal regulations or specifications as to the form in which cities, municipalities and districts should carry out their municipal economic development. It takes place on a voluntary basis, independently and on your own responsibility. Depending on the respective framework conditions, the organization varies in terms of size, structure, range of services as well as financial and human resources. The perception of the tasks to be assigned to the area of ​​municipal economic development is different. A general distinction must be made as to whether the employees or the business development agency act as part of the administration or whether they are organized in a GmbH , AG , eV or AöR form in a company outsourced by the municipality . It is also possible for services to be provided through intermunicipal cooperation or through the involvement of private third parties as units under private law.

Fields of action and priorities

Company location decisions depend to a large extent on the quality of the local and regional conditions. Thus, economic development as a local political control element has the cross-administrative cross-sectional task of helping to shape the local and regional framework for successful economic activity. Ideally, the continuous development of strategies, projects and services will make the location sustainable for companies. Municipal business development acts as a service provider, moderator, coordinator, crisis manager, pilot and project initiator in numerous areas. The focus is on portfolio development and maintenance, i.e. on supporting local companies with needs-based services. These are designed, among other things, for the right framework conditions in the form of sufficient settlement and development areas, for the creation of an attractive environment through so-called "soft location factors" and for support in official matters. The most important subject areas of municipal economic development include the brokerage and development of commercial and industrial areas, retail development , start-up support and location marketing. In addition to these conventional tasks, business development is confronted with a multitude of other challenges, the handling of which is of great importance for every business location. These are, for example, the areas of labor market policy and recruiting skilled workers, education and qualification, innovation and technology promotion, clusters and networks and regional management . For the most part, they are only managed at the regional level and in individual cases at the level of the districts and independent cities . It makes sense for business development agencies at all levels to come to an understanding and work together on these issues.

financing

Around three quarters of the business promotion and development companies are mainly financed through grants from the shareholders. The companies generate their own income in particular from the development and sale of municipal or private commercial space, the brokerage of commercial space, the operation of technology and start-up centers, consulting services and project management services. In fewer cases, companies also act as operators of parking garages, congress halls and providers of seminars and training providers.

Advocacy groups

Around 140 outsourced municipal economic development institutions are affiliated with the German Association of Economic Promotion and Development Societies (DVWE) throughout Germany . The umbrella association promotes the exchange of experiences among the members and, as a lobby group, takes up current and future-oriented topics of economic, structural and location promotion. In doing so, the DVWE works together with the central municipal associations of the German Association of Cities , the Association of German Cities and Municipalities and the Association of German Districts .

literature

  • Dallmann, Bernd; Richter, Michael: Handbuch der Wirtschaftsförderung - Practical Guide to Local and Regional Location Development , 1st edition 2011, ISBN 978-3-648-02417-1
  • Deutscher Landkreistag: Economic Development Concrete , Berlin 2013, ISSN  0503-9185
  • German Association of Cities: Municipal economic development - essential for strengthening the location , Berlin 2012
  • Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, Department of Political Academy, KommunalAkademie, Markus Trömmer: Basic knowledge of local politics , economic development, Bonn 2012.
  • Fuchs, Timm; Hansen, Carsten; Pickenäcker, Birgit Anne: Economic Development - Tasks, Organization and Priorities of Municipal Economic Development , German Association of Towns and Municipalities (Ed.), Berlin 2013.
  • Grätz, Christian: Municipal business promotion - critical inventory of their functions and organization , Bochum 1983.
  • Haug, Peter: Municipal economic development - a theoretical and empirical analysis , Kovac Verlag, Hamburg 2004, ISBN 978-3830012535 .
  • Heuer, Hans: Instruments of Communal Trade Policy , Stuttgart 1985
  • Kleinschneider, Heiner: Basics and practice of municipal economic development , neomediaVerlag GmbH, Coesfeld, ISBN 978-3-931334-23-9
  • Kruse, Wilfried; Hogrebe, Frank: Municipal economic development: core function for structural policy and "Administration 4.0"! , Institute for Administrative Management, SME Research and Future Planning GmbH
  • Schubert, Rekka: Municipal economic development: the municipal responsibility for economic well-being , Tübingen 1998
  • Stember, Jürgen: Municipal economic development: Innovations between regionalization, globalization and administrative reform , Bonn 1997
  • Wied, Arno: Economic development in basic knowledge of local politics , Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, Political Academy Department, KommunalAkademie, 2012

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Kruse, Wilfried; Hogrebe, Frank: Municipal economic development: core function for structural policy and "Administration 4.0" !, Institute for Administrative Management, SME Research and Future Planning GmbH, p. 1.
  2. ↑ Wied, Arno: Economic Development in “Basic Knowledge of Local Policy”, Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, Political Academy Department, KommunalAkademie, 2012, p. 1.
  3. ↑ Fuchs, Timm; Hansen, Carsten; Pickenäcker, Birgit Anne: Economic Development - Tasks, Organization and Priorities of Municipal Economic Development, German Association of Towns and Municipalities (Ed.), Berlin 2013. p. 8.
  4. ↑ Fuchs, Timm; Hansen, Carsten; Pickenäcker, Birgit Anne: Economic Development - Tasks, Organization and Priorities of Municipal Economic Development, German Association of Towns and Municipalities (Ed.), Berlin 2013. p. 10.
  5. ↑ Wied, Arno: Economic Development in “Basic Knowledge of Local Policy”, Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, Political Academy Department, KommunalAkademie, 2012, p. 9.
  6. ↑ Chilla, Tobias, Kühne, Olaf & Markus Neufeld (2016): Regional Development. Stuttgart: utb ulmer.
  7. ↑ Wied, Arno: Economic Development in “Basic Knowledge of Local Policy”, Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, Political Academy Department, KommunalAkademie, 2012, p. 12.
  8. ↑ Fuchs, Timm; Hansen, Carsten; Pickenäcker, Birgit Anne: Economic Development - Tasks, Organization and Priorities of Municipal Economic Development, German Association of Towns and Municipalities (Ed.), Berlin 2013. p. 2.
  9. ↑ German Association of Cities: Municipal economic development - indispensable for strengthening the location, 2012, p. 1.
  10. ↑ Fuchs, Timm; Hansen, Carsten; Pickenäcker, Birgit Anne: Economic Development - Tasks, Organization and Priorities of Municipal Economic Development, German Association of Towns and Municipalities, 2013, p. 1.
  11. ↑ Stephan Articus German Association of Cities: “Municipal economic development creates jobs - demands are increasing”, 2012.
  12. ↑ Fuchs, Timm; Hansen, Carsten; Pickenäcker, Birgit Anne: Economic Development - Tasks, Organization and Priorities of Municipal Economic Development, German Association of Towns and Municipalities, 2013, p. 2.
  13. ↑ Wied, Arno: Economic Development in “Basic Knowledge of Local Policy”, Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, Political Academy Department, KommunalAkademie, 2012, p. 25.