Jägala concentration camp

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The concentration camp Jägala shortly jägala concentration camp was a labor camp of Eesti Julgeolekupolitsei yes SD , d. H. the Estonian security police and the security service of the Reichsführer SS, who was part of the repressive apparatus of the German occupiers during the National Socialist occupation of Estonia between 1942 and 1944.

description

The camp was founded in August 1942. The site of the camp was a former artillery position of the Estonian army near the village of Jägala . It existed between August 1942 and August 1943. Aleksander Laak , an Estonian, was appointed commander of the camp by SS-Sturmbannführer Ain-Ervin Mere of Group B of the Estonian Security Police. He was Ralf Gerrets provided as an assistant to the side.

Jägala was officially a " labor education camp " for field and forest workers. Jews who had been deported from other countries (including Lithuania , Czechoslovakia , Poland and Germany ) were held in the camp . Approx. 3,000 Jews who had not been selected for work were singled out on their arrival at the Raasiku train station and shot directly at Kalevi-Liiva .

There have never been more than 200 prisoners in the camp. Their life expectancy was only several months. In November 1942, 53 men and 150 women were imprisoned.

Most of the inmates were likely transferred to Tallinn Central Prison. The transfer began in December 1942 and ended between June and July. In August 1943 the camp was closed and the prisoners still in the camp were shot.

Most of the sick prisoners were shot, while 15 sick people were taken to Kalevi-Liiva, where they were shot. Laak shot three women, one of whom was his sex slave. The camp was closed by September 1943. Survivors reported that Laak regularly forced captured women to participate in orgies.

The information on the number of people murdered in Jägala varies. Soviet investigative committees into the Holocaust estimate a number of 2,000 to 3,000 in Jägala and Kalevi-Liiva.

The Estonian International Commission for the Investigation of Crimes against Humanity came to the conclusion that between 1941 and 1944 a total of approximately 8,500 Jews were murdered in what is now Estonia.

additional

Aleksander Laak emigrated to Canada, where he was found hanged in his garage in Winnipeg on September 6, 1960 .

The Israeli journalist Michael Elkins believes that an extra-state Jewish organization or the Mossad forced Laak to commit suicide or murdered him.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Meelis Maripuu : Annihilation of Czech and German Jews in Estonia in 1942-1943 . In: Toomas Hiio (Ed.): Estonia 1940–1945. Reports of the Estonian International Commission for the Investigation of Crimes Against Humanity , Meelis Maripuu, Indrek Paavle, Estonian Foundation for the Investigation of Crimes Against Humanity, Tallinn 2006, ISBN 9949-13-040-9 , pp. 705-715 (accessed on September 24, 2017).
  2. ^ A b c Conclusions of the Estonian International Commission for the Investigation of Crimes Against Humanity. Phase II - The German Occupation of Estonia, 1941 - 1944 ( Memento of the original dated August 14, 2010) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.mnemosyne.ee
  3. ↑ a b c Weiss-Wendt, p. 237.
  4. ^ A b c Anton Weiss-Wendt: Murder Without Hatred: Estonians and the Holocaust (Religion, Theology, and the Holocaust) . Syracuse University Press, June 30, 2009, ISBN 978-0-8156-3228-3 , p. 351.
  5. ↑ Weiss-Wendt, p. 238.
  6. ↑ Girls Forced Into Orgies - Then Slain, Court Told . In: The Ottawa Citizen , March 8, 1961, p. 7. Retrieved August 17, 2010. 
  7. ^ Joint Committee on Slavic Studies, American Council of Learned Societies, Social Science Research Council (US), American Association for the Advancement of Slavic Studies: The Current digest of the Soviet press , Volume 12. American Association for the Advancement of Slavic Studies, 1960 (Retrieved August 17, 2010).
  8. ↑ Jonathan Freedland: The Jewish avengers who survived the death camps and tracked down their tormentors | World news . In: The Guardian , July 26, 2008. Retrieved August 17, 2010. 
  9. Jump up ↑ Toomas Hiio: Ülevaade juutide tapmisest Eesti territooriumil asunud laagrites ( Estonian ) Estonian Ministry of Culture . Retrieved August 13, 2010.
  10. ↑ Juudid pidasid Kalevi-Liiva koonduslaagri komandandi üle omakohut . In: Eesti Ekspress , July 29, 2008. 
  11. ^ Eg Wolfgang Benz : Handbook of Antisemitism: Anti-Semitism in Past and Present. Volume 1. de Gruyter Saur, Berlin 2008. p. 111.
  12. ↑ Okukatsioonide Muuseum . Museum of Occupations. Archived from the original on May 24, 2009. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved August 13, 2010. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.okupatsioon.ee
  13. ↑ Michael Elkins: Forged In Fury. Ballantine Books, New York 1971, ISBN 0-345-02162-2 .
  14. ↑ http://www.ekspress.ee/news/paevauudised/valisuudised/juudid-pidasid-kalevi-liiva-koonduslaagri-komandandi-ule-omakohut.d?id=27679795

Coordinates: 59 ° 24 ′ 56.5 ″  N , 25 ° 14 ′ 25.6 ″  E