Kopalnia Węgla Kamiennego Rydułtowy-Anna
The Rydułtowy-Anna hard coal mine (in Polish Kopalnia Węgla Kamiennego Rydułtowy-Anna ) is a hard coal mine in Rydułtowy , Poland, which has been part of the Polska Grupa Górnicza Group since May 1, 2016 and which was incorporated into the newly created ROW mine on July 1, 2016 ( Rybniki Okręk Węglowa) was incorporated.
history
The history of the two facilities Anna and Rydułtowy , which are now a composite mine , was completely different. While Anna always formed a unified whole from its founding until the merger in 2004, Rydułtowy has gradually emerged from many often very small mines (see adjacent illustration). This can be explained by the fact that in the area between the villages of Rymer and Rydułtowy the coal was often to be found very close to the surface and therefore people or groups could also operate small-scale hard coal mining without much financial support. In the initial phase of industrialization, this led to the formation of many small pits that could not continue to be operated independently during the transition to civil engineering.
CHP Anna
In 1856, the two fields "Anna" and "Albin" in Pszów were consolidated after they had already mutated in 1840 and 1855; Mother was the pharmacist Ferdinand Fritze from Rybnik. After the addition of the "Franz I" field and other expansions, the mine ( location ) had rights of 4.78 km² in 1912.
In the years 1888 to 1891 the coal mining stopped due to a water ingress.
At first, extraction took place exclusively via the "Johannes" shaft, which was rebuilt in 1901, sunk 260 m deeper and equipped with a modern extraction system. After its expansion, the "Utgenannt" weather shaft 1 km to the south was sunk in order to improve and expand the weather management. In 1904 a further extending weather shaft with a depth of 117 m was added, later the "Richard" shaft with a depth of 71 m took over the function of a retracting weather shaft.
Because the mine had poor transport connections, the construction of a cable car was started in 1806, leading to the Rydułtowy railway station. At the end of the cable car, the mine also set up a separation facility for processing the coal. In 1912 it produced a total of 478,209 t of coal with 1481 employees.
In the years from 1913 to 1915, the Wroclaw architect Hans Poelzig, famous for his functional buildings, designed several operational buildings for the mine, including a boiler house with an office wing and an adjoining turbine hall.
Coal production of 1 million tons of coal was achieved as early as 1928 and a new cable car to the coking plant of the Emma / Marcel colliery in Radlin was built. In 1937/38 the Jedłownik ( Lage ) mine was added, which temporarily had three shafts ("Drug", "Pierwszy" and "Trezea") and was originally intended to be used for ventilation for both Anna and Emmagrube / Marcel.
During the Second World War Anna belonged to Group II of the mine administration of the Reichswerke Hermann Göring in Katowice.
Production was resumed just 14 days after Pszów was liberated by the Red Army, and in 1949 3,841 miners extracted 1.38 million tons of coal again.
In 1970 a workforce of 6,280 people unearthed 2.24 million tons of coal. Not only underground mechanization played a decisive role in this increase in production, but also the construction of the central shaft "Chrobry II" with a concrete headframe 72.97 m high and a shaft diameter of 7.5 m. This shaft reached a depth of 1074 meters in 1991.
In 2004 it merged with the Rydułtowy mine to form the Rydułtowy-Anna mine. The construction site was shut down in 2011 due to dramatic subsidence due to rock attacks , after production had been cut back significantly in the 1990s and the Jedłownik mine was successively abandoned in 1997 and 2000.
Hoymgrube
The history of the mine began in 1788 when coal was found near the village of Niedobczyce by the mining assessor Reichardt and the jury Salomon Isaac. In 1792 the Hoym mine ( Lage ) was founded; It was named in honor of the minister Karl Georg von Hoym .
Initially, the coal was extracted from 20 shallow shafts and the annual coal profit was 150 to 200 tons. From 1810 to 1834 the mine was a fiscal mine before it was sold to private investors together with the "Sylvester" construction site. In the following years the mining area was expanded to include the coal fields "Carolus", "Biertułtowy" and "Omer Pascha". The Laura mine with the coal field "Gottlieb", first mentioned in 1835, was added to Hoym in 1871 and the new mine was called Hoym-Laura from that point on .
At this time, the two shafts "Grundmann" and "Oppurg", which still exist today, were sunk.
In 1890 Hugo zu Hohenlohe-Öhringen bought the mine, but gave it to the Czernicki coal company in 1913. From 1936 the mine was named Ignacy.
CHP Ignacy
From 1936 and only interrupted by the occupation from 1939 to 1945, the Hoym-Laura mine was named in honor of the President of the Republic of Poland, Ignacy Mościcki .
From the end of the war in 1945 Ignacy was administered by the Union of the Rybnik Coal Industry; In 1958 the Beatensglück field of the Roemer / Rymer mine was added. In 1963 the mine reached the highest production in its history with 3059 t / day and a workforce of 2795 workers.
After all supplies on the 400 m level had been exhausted, the mine was closed in Rydułtowy on January 1, 1968, and the coal, which was still extracted from the 800 m level, was unearthed on Leon II. Ignacy's final end took place on October 13, 2006, when the ropes of the Kościuszko shaft were dropped and this shaft was filled. Głowacki (Oppburg) is now used for keeping the weather in Rydułtowy and also has a cable car facility.
Mines in Rydułtowy
Although the existence of near-surface coal in the Rydułtowy area can be proven as early as 1317, interest in this energy source only began with the systematic investigations of the mining expert Salomon Isaak von Brabant in 1788. He not only discovered rich coal deposits on the site of what would later become the Hoym mine , but also east of it. In order to secure this for himself, the lawyer Friedrich von Sack raised claims on the Charlotte and Sack seams that came to light on his property, which were 2.3 m and 0.6 m thick. He and merchants from Breslau assumed numerous fields in Rydułtowy and north of this municipality and thus created the mines Leo , Sack , Petronella , Charlotte and Dicke relatives , which finally came together in consolidated Charlotte .
Leo
The Leo coal mine in Rydułtowy (Wodzisław Śląski) began operations in 1842. At that time it belonged to the businessman Josef Doms from Ratibor, then to his heirs. On July 16, 1856 Leo with Heinrich Julius under the name consolidierte Leo combined. In 1872 the fields "Wendelin" and "Jean Paul" were added. In 1889 the union also acquired the Charlotte mine and so came to an entitlement of 4.03 km².
bag
The Sack mine in Czernica (part of the Gaszowice municipality) started operations in 1806. It initially belonged to Friedrich von Sack and was sold to the merchant Johann Gottfried Weiß in Breslau in 1812, before it came to Joseph Dohms from Ratibor in 1828. In the years 1836 to 1839 the mine and the Charlotte mine were sold to Friedrich Wilhelm Hoffmann in Breslau and merged with the latter.
Charlotte and Sack together produced 3,400 tons of hard coal in 1818.
Big relationship
On March 9, 1857, the field "Thick Relatives" with a size of 0.36 km² in Gaszowice-Peterkowitz was awarded and a shaft sunk. Just one year later, 8,700 tons of hard coal could be extracted. Initially, Professor Karl Kuh held the majority in this field with 73 Kuxes before it became the property of the Charlotte coal union between 1889 and 1890 .
In 1926, the company was also merged with consolidated Charlotte .
Consolidated Charlotte
The owners received permission to mine hard coal in the "Charlotte" field on February 2, 1805 from the Royal Prussian Mining Authority in Breslau. Sack, who owned other mines in this area, sold his property to traders in Wroclaw in part in 1812 and in part in 1837. This until then separated ownership of the two mines Charlotte and Sack was combined with the Petronella mine to consolidate Charlotte with a field size of 18.48 km² in 1839 . In 1843 it was founded by Prof. Dr. Karl Kuh (Breslau) was acquired and merged with Leo in 1890 from the property of the Josef Doms company from Ratibor. This union was carried out by a group of Austrian and Czech industrialists.
At that time the property consisted of the coal fields "Eleonore", "von der Heydt", "Durant", "Minna", "Michael", "Thürnagel", "Georg Friedrich", "Hans Julius", "Heinrich", " by Carnall "and" Wit Döring ". "Caecilia" and "Agnesglück" were added later.
The mine field, which was large at that time, was opened up by three shafts, namely Erbreich , Schreiber and Leo . In 1912 the situation was as follows: Erbreich ( Lage ) had one production shaft and two weather shafts, Schreiber ( Lage ) had four shafts (Carl / Carl II / Schreiber / Ignaz), which were used for both mining and ventilation, and Leo over two shafts (Leo ( location ) and thick relatives ( location )).
All three plants together produced 953,446 tons of coal.
In the years 1932–1936 the mine was idle and was only put back into operation during the occupation by the Nazis, this time by the Reichswerke Hermann Göring.
CHP Rydułtowy
After consol. Charlotte from 1928 to Polonized name Charlotta wore the mine was named in 1945 Rydułtowy . After the war it belonged to the Rybnik ZPG group and on February 1, 2003, along with numerous other plants, it became part of the state-owned Kompania Węglowa Group , from which it became part of the PGG in 2016.
On January 1, 1968 the Hoymgrube / Ignacy was added to him, in 2005 the connection with Anna to Rydułtowy-Anna took place.
CHP Rydułtowy – Anna
Because of the dramatic subsidence of the mountains due to rockfalls, Anna's construction site was shut down in 2011 after production there had already been cut back significantly in the 1990s and the Jedłownik mine was successively abandoned in 1997 and 2000.
Since the closure of the Anna construction site, the Rydułtowy mine has now been working with the shafts Leon II (material shaft) and IV (double extraction), Leon III, Powietrzny I / Erbreich (weather shaft) and Agnieszka (extending weather shaft) and Powietrznego III / Big Kinship (moving in; Material transport).
present
In 2014, the mine employed an average of 3,593 people, including 2,951 underground workers. This year the average daily production of the colliery was 8,819 t per day - a level that is to be maintained for the next few years, although the loss of 41.49 zł per ton of hard coal was imported and thus ranked 8th within the KWSA Group.
In 2016, the association of the two mines Rydułtowy and Anna was dissolved again and the Anna mine was transferred to Spółki Restructureyzacji Kopalń SA on April 1, 2016. Since then, the part that is still funded has been called Rydułtowy again .
Parts of the Ignacy mine with the headframes over the Głowacki (Oppburg) and Kościuszko (Grundmann) shafts, the winding machine from 1920 and a water tower have been preserved as museums.
Funding figures
| year | 1873 | 1913 | 1938 | 1970 | 1979 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anna | 20,713 t | 555,022 t | 1,280,000 t | 2,240,000 t | 2,860,000 t |
| Hoym / Ignacy | 23,300 t | 185,009 t | 326,602 t | 890,395 t | - |
| Charlotte / Rydułtowy | 60,800 t | 1,045,278 t | 255,790 t | 2,272,940 t | 2,934,342 t |
Remarks
- ↑ For the following information see http://www.sitg.rybnik.pl/1/index.php?historia-kwk-anna-,28
- ↑ A list of the most important figures and dates can be found at http://www.sitg.rybnik.pl/1/index.php?historia-kopalni-ignacy-,15
- ↑ For the biography of this mining company see the Polish Wikipedia page pl: Salomon Isaac
- ↑ To compare the sales figures of the KWSA Group in 2014, see [1] (accessed on November 19, 2015)
- ↑ see the Internet information of the PGG: http://www.pgg.pl/o-firmie/oddzialy/rya (accessed on June 27, 2016)
swell
- Jerzy Jaros. Słownik historyczny kopalń węgla na ziemiach polskich . Katowice 1984, ISBN 83-00-00648-6 .
- Yearbook for the Upper Mining District Wroclaw . Phoenix Publishing House. Katowice, Breslau, Berlin. 1913. Digitized version at http://www.dbc.wroc.pl/dlibra/publication?id=3349&tab=3 before (last accessed on May 5, 2015)
- Kurt Koenig. Coal mining in Upper Silesia from 1945–1955 . Scientific contributions to the history and regional studies of Eastern Central Europe. Published by the Johann Gottfried Herder Institute. Marburg 1958.
Web links
- A presentation of the history of KWK Anna in Polish can be found on the website http://www.sitg.rybnik.pl/1/index.php?historia-kwk-anna-,28 (last accessed on January 29, 2016)
- There is also an overview of CHP Ignacy in Polish with a wealth of historical data at http://www.sitg.rybnik.pl/1/index.php?historia-kopalni-ignacy-,15 (last accessed on January 31, 2016 )
- Information on the mining museum of the Ignacy plant can be found at http://ignacy.miastorybnik.pl/ (accessed on January 30, 2016)
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