Koporje
Koporje ( Russian Копорье , Swedish Caporie ) was from the 13th to the 18th century a fortress about 100 km southwest of today's Saint Petersburg in Leningrad Oblast . It was alternately owned by Russian and Swedish owners.
history
The fortress was first mentioned in the Novgorod Annals in 1240 as an outpost of the Teutonic Order on the south side of the Gulf of Finland . At that time it was still made of wood. In 1241 it was destroyed by the Russians under the leadership of Alexander Nevsky .
Presumably in 1280 Alexander Newski's son Dimitrij had a stone fortress built on the same spot on the Koporka River . Two years later it was destroyed again due to internal Russian disputes. Due to the incipient conflict with Sweden on the Narva , Koporje was again used for military purposes and expanded from 1297. It was one of the strongest and most important castles in what was then Ingermanland .
In the course of the Livonian War Koporje was conquered by Sweden under Pontus de la Gardie in 1581 , but after another Russian conquest in 1595 in the Peace of Teusina it fell into Russian possession again. In 1612 it was occupied again by Sweden. In 1617 Russia had to finally cede it to Sweden according to the provisions of the Stolbowo Peace . During the Northern War, Russian troops under the command of Boris Sheremetev again besieged Koporje. After three days of siege, the Swedish defenders surrender.
Due to the borders of the Peace of Nystad (1721), the fortress lost its military purpose. In 1763 it was finally given up. Koporje was partially restored in 1979, but is in poor condition today.
Web links
- Fortress Koporje (English)
- And history (English)
- Images from Koporje
literature
- Pekka Nevalainen , Hannes Sihvo (eds.). Inkeri. Historia, kansa, kulttuuri (= Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seuran Toimituksia. 547). Suomalaisen kirjallisuuden seura, Helsinki 1991, ISBN 951-717-668-6 .
Coordinates: 59 ° 42 '8.6 " N , 29 ° 3' 2.2" E