Cosmodicity
Under cosmodicy ( ancient Greek. Κόσμος (kósmos) "world order" and δίκη (Dike) "justice") is the justification of the cosmos , despite (or because of) its evil . The term was coined by Erwin Rohde in analogy to the expression Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz ' theodicy .
background
Though ideas of cosmodicity may already have existed in antiquity - for example in the case of Plotinus - they are mostly spoken of in connection with the philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche , for whom it was a central concern.
Plotinus devised a cosmodicity against Christians and Gnostics . He accused the Gnosis of disregarding the world. In contrast to Gnosis and Manichaeism , the Christian tradition tried to hold onto the good order of creation and its meaning and to avoid the dualism of God (good) and cosmos (as the fullness of bad).
With Nietzsche, cosmodicity developed primarily in the confrontation with Arthur Schopenhauer's pessimism , which was to be overcome in this way.
Rohde, Nietzsche's friend, seems to have used the term first under the impression of the birth of tragedy . There, still under the spell of Richard Wagner , he had declared that existence and the world were "justified forever" "only as an aesthetic phenomenon". Nietzsche also used the term, for example in his first out-of- date consideration , a polemical work with which he Education philistine “ David Friedrich Strauss wanted to expose. Since Strauss proceeds scientifically and knowingly dishonestly and assumes that everything that has happened has the “highest intellectual value”, is therefore “absolutely sensible and appropriately ordered” and contains a revelation of eternal goodness, he probably needs a “complete cosmodice” and is “at a disadvantage against the one who is only concerned with a theory, "and who, for example, may understand the whole existence of man as a punitive act or a state of purification."
Nietzsche wanted to justify life by working out the perspective conditionality of the contrast between good and bad and trying to overcome the contradiction - beyond good and bad .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Optimism and Pessimism , in: The religion in history and present , Volume 4, pp. 1663–1664
- ↑ contempt for the world; Weltflucht , in: Historical Dictionary of Philosophy , Vol. 12, p. 522
- ↑ Bad , in: Historical Dictionary of Philosophy, Vol. 11, p. 3
- ↑ Friedrich Nietzsche, The Birth of Tragedy , KSA 1, p. 47
- ^ Friedrich Nietzsche, Untimely Considerations, David Strauss the Confessor and the Writer , KSA 1, p. 197
- ^ Kosmodizee , in: Historical Dictionary of Philosophy, Vol. 4, p. 1143