Stephen Krashen
Stephen Krashen (born May 14, 1941 in Chicago ) is an American linguist , didactic and activist . He is Professor Emeritus at the University of Southern California .
The 5 hypotheses model
Krashen suggested along with Tracy D. Terrell the "natural approach" (natural approach) when learning grammar before. This approach is based on the so-called 5- hypothesis model.
- Grammar acquisition does not take place through explicit grammar learning, but rather intuitively through language use. (Acquisition Hypothesis)
- Grammar acquisition is only possible through linguistic input that is slightly above the current language level of the learner. (Input hypothesis)
- Awareness of abstract grammar knowledge only serves to check the correctness of what has been learned. (Monitor Hypothesis)
- Nature dictates the most favorable order of grammar acquisition for learning: the sequence in which the linguistic structures of the mother tongue are acquired is also the most favorable when learning a foreign language. (Natural Order Hypothesis)
- Motivations, needs, attitudes and emotions influence learning, can hinder or promote it. They act as an affective filter . (Affective Filter Hypothesis)
literature
- Jeff MacSwan: Krashen, Stephen D. (1941–). In: Josué M. González: Encyclopedia of Bilingual Education. SAGE Publications, 2008, ISBN 978-1-4129-3720-7 ( beginning of article )
- E. Tschirner: Theory and Practice of the Natural Approach in the 90s. In: German as a Foreign Language. Volume 32, No. 1, 1995, pp. 3-11.
personal data | |
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SURNAME | Krashen, Stephen |
ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Krashen, Stephen D. |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | American linguist, educationalist, and activist |
DATE OF BIRTH | May 14, 1941 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Chicago |