Merze from Kriftel

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The Lords of Crüftel were in 1200 an originally free noble sex with larger estates in the Wetterau (Hessen).

At the latest they gave up their noble status in order to serve the Nassau counts as knight Merze von Kriftel towards the end of the 13th century. In 1441, the Kriftel family, which was ultimately heavily indebted, died out .

history

The signature and seal of Cunradus de Cruftelo as the first witness can be found on a document from the year 1198 by Kuno I von Münzenberg . His father Eberwinus is only mentioned in a more recent document, Kuno (Cunradus, Konrad) and Erwin (Eberwin, Euerwin) were long leading names of the sex. Further documents confirm long-established property in Friedberg, near Butzbach, Rockenberg and goods near Mainz. The town of Kriftel was clearly not part of the property , as it was a royal estate of the Staufers . According to Karl Bosl, Konrad von Kriftel is not clearly one of the Hohenstaufen imperial ministers , but of the originally free nobility. This was supported by the apparently befitting marriages of Konrad's daughters with noble gentlemen, such as the winter of Kalsmunt (noble-free sex Bicken -Kalsmunt) and Konrad von Wilnsdorf. The Lords of Wilnsdorf became vassals of the Counts of Nassau only after lengthy feuds in 1340. For 1252, Karl Bosl counts the Kriftel family among the legitimate castlers of the imperial castle Kalsmunt , who were also allowed to provide the burgrave. The war effort of the free lords of Crüftel was rewarded with a salary, the Latin term for pay is merces . So around 1315 the Lords of Crüftel became the Knights Mercz von Crüftel (the Merzen von Crüftel) or Merzonis Militis de Croftela , some of them were also called Knights Merz. As the gender Merze (n), Johann (es) became the leading name. The main line (main line) has always been named Merzonis since 1315 at the latest , the secondary lines of younger sons mostly only from Crüf (f) tel . However, there is no secondary literature on this. There are various documents in which a von Crüftel (Kroftel) certified directly behind the count and in front of the knights, this also underlines that the sex was of noble origin. Towards the end of the 13th century, the Merze Nassau followers and the Nassau counts were employed as castle men and burgraves on the castles.



In 1441 the Merzen von Crüftel ( Kriftel ) died out, as there was no male heir for the name of Kriftel and the inherited inheritance caused by it.

Name variants

The development went via the forms de Cruftelo and de Cruftele via Croftel to Crüf (f) tel. In Dutch and English literature, these are then consistently called Cruftel or Crüftel. The name Kriftel is probably an invention of German writers who adapted it to the development of the place name Kriftel in the 19th century.

Various forms were used for the title expansion. The first bearer of the name had Joanni Merzoni's Milites de Cruftele in the seal and Merze de Cruftele as the signature . Merze von Krofftel is used in letters from the Archbishop of Mainz (from 1383) .

The captain von Friedberg called himself in handwriting Ritter Mercz or Ritter Mircz. Other common spellings were Merzo, Merzen, Merzonis, Mertz and Merts, Merc and Mercen were less common.

In various genealogies one finds Merz (rarely Mertz) von Crüftel , von Cruftel and von Kruftel

Coat of arms / seal

The presumed seal around 1220 of Cunradus de Cruftelo is described as follows:
The seal is circular and shows three upright lions walking in a circle, whose heads are united in a head in the center of the seal .
On the grave slab of Katharina Merze von Crüftel († 1473), a Gleven wheel can be seen on a coat of arms, divided twice . (Siebmacher 1882: dead Nassau families p. 19 plate 27)

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Document book of the Arnsburg monastery in the Wetterau - Google Books
  2. ↑ Writings of the Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Volume 10, Issue 1, 1950, Hiersemann - Google Books

swell

  • Friedrich Battenberg:  DOCUMENTS OF THE COUNTY OF SOLMS-RÖDELHEIM  (= Repertories of the Hessisches Staatsarchiv Darmstadt ) inventory B 9 (PDF; 5.74 MB). In: Archive Information System Hessen (Arcinsys Hessen), status: August 2006, accessed on September 18, 2016.
  • Document book of the Arnsburg monastery in der Wetterau , 1851, publisher of the historical association of the Grand Duchy of Hesse, Ludwig Baur Google Books
  • Document book of the city of Friedberg, Volume 1 , 1904, Verlag NG Elwert, Max Foltz Google Books
  • Mittelrheinische Regesten or chronological compilation of the source material for the history of the territories of the two administrative districts Coblenz and Trier in short excerpts , 1881, Koblenz k. State Archives, A. Goerz Google Books
  • Mainz Ingrossaturbücher , State Archives Würzburg

literature

  • The Reichsministerialität der Salier and Staufer , 1950, Hiersemann, Karl Bosl Google Books
  • Handbook for a closer knowledge of the constitution and administration of the Duchy of Nassau with historical and statistical news in alphabetical order, designed in 1838, Verlag Mittler, by Meex RJA, (available in Göttingen)
  • Publications of the Historical Commission for Nassau, Volume 24 , 1977, Verlag JF Bergmann, Heinz-Peter Mielke Google Books
  • Kuno von Falkenstein and Archbishop Gerlach von Mainz in the years 1354-58 , 1906, communications from the Upper Hessian History Association in Giessen, Fritz Vigener
  • Regesta of the Archbishops of Mainz from 1289-1396 , 1970 Berlin, transcript of the Leipzig 1913 edition, Fritz Vigener
  • Publications from the k. Prussian State Archives, Volume 3 , 1879, Prussia (Germany). Archive management Google Books
  • Regesta sive rerum boicarum autographa ad annum usque MCCC… , 1841, Impensis regiis, Caroli Henrici de Lang Google Books

Web links