Crooks

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Crookedness of a Roman bishop Staff, Provincial Archaeological Museum Ename , Belgium
Krümme on the so-called staff of St. Otto, 13th century, gilded copper with enamel inlays, Diocesan Museum Bamberg

The Krümme (also Latin Curva , Curvatur or Curvatura ) is the upper part of a crook .

The origin of the curvature are probably the curved sticks of Irish monks. Like the shaft of the staff, it was initially made of wood. In the 11th and 12th centuries, the crooks are usually de osse , that is, made of ivory, bone or walrus tooth. The Erhard staff from Niedermünster , which dates from the 12th century, is carved from buffalo wood. In Hildesheim Cathedral there is a silver curva from the 11th century. Ornaments include enamel or crystal.

The shape was initially a simple semicircle, like the abbot's staff of Saint Germanus from the late 7th century, one of the oldest surviving crooks. In the course of time, this bends in more and more, over a complete turn ending in a point in Carolingian times up to a closed volute . This was decorated in many ways, with ornamentation, but also pictorial representations. With the rod of Ekerö (Sweden) from the 8th century, the center of the volute is shifted over the rod for the first time. Relics were occasionally kept in a hollow in the crook . Usually a spherical or lenticular knob separates the shaft from the bend.

A wooden elbow decorated in the Dublin Ringerike style was found on Fishamble Street, the oldest street in Dublin.

literature

Web links

Wiktionary: Krümme  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations
Commons : Crooks  - Collection of images, videos, and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Gert Haendler, Günther Stökl : History of the early Middle Ages and the German mission. History of the slave mission . Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1976 p. E34 ISBN 9783525523216 at GoogleBooks