Księży Młyn

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Księży Młyn (German Pfaffendorf also Mühle Pfaffendorf , literal translation Pastor's Mill ) is a part of the city of Łódź in Poland . The area borders on the southeast of today's city center.

Geographical location

Księży Młyn is located south of Al Street . Piłsudskiego and north of Tymienieckiego Street . Kilińskiego Street, for example, forms the boundary to the west . The eastern border is located a little east of Przędzalniana Street .

history

In 1428 a pastor's mill was built on the Jasień River. The area around the mill was later called Księży Młyn and Pfaffendorf by German settlers . For a long time there was hardly any development in this area. In the middle of the 18th century there were only two cottages in the area. In 1822 the area belonged to the government estates Łaznów and had three houses with a total of 28 inhabitants. By resolution of November 21, 1823, the area became part of the place Łódź and should be used as a factory site. The area became part of the Łódka textile colony . In 1827 Christian Friedrich Wendisch from Chemnitz built a three- story spinning mill on ul. Przędzalniana (corner of St. Emiliestrasse ). In 1870 Karl Scheibler acquired the Księży Młyn area. Three years later Scheibler started up a four-story spinning mill with 70,000 spindles and 1,200 looms. From 1876 Scheibler acquired the adjacent land up to ul. Fabryczna .

The fire station (2005)

As a result, a quasi-autonomous industrial city with a factory gas works, train station, workers' houses and a school was built here. The school, which opened in 1876, was set up for the sons of the workers, masters and employees of the Scheibler-Werke. Later girls were also taught. In 1878 a building for a horse fire brigade was opened on Św. Emilii 30 ( St. Emiliestraße 30 , later ul. W. Tymienieckiego 30 ). A shop was built in 1882, a fire brigade shed from 1883 to 1884 and a factory hospital in 1884. In addition to the numerous green spaces, there was a reading room, a dance hall and a wind orchestra for the workers. During the First World War , the Germans confiscated machines and raw materials from the factories on the site. The factories of the German manufacturers were not spared either. After the war an upswing began again in the economy up to the Great Depression . At the beginning of the Second World War , the factories continued to operate, but in 1941, at the time of the German occupation , they received an NSDAP operator . After the defeat of the Wehrmacht, Księży Młyn became part of Poland again. The factory now called Pod Zarządem Państwowym Zjednoczone Zakłady Włokienniecze K. Scheiblera i L. Grohman ( United K. Scheibler and Grohman Textile Works under state administration ) started operations again on January 21, 1945. On January 3, 1946, the plant, like all large industrial companies in Poland, was nationalized and renamed Państwowe Zakłady Przemysłu Bawełnanego No. 1 ( State Cotton Company No. 1 ). In 1950, 14,000 workers were employed here. In 1951 the company was divided into four sections, and in 1962 it was merged again into the Uniontex company . The company produced successfully until the 1980s. With the political and economic upheaval in Poland and the loss of sales markets in the Soviet Union , production fell from 14,221 tonnes in 1986 to 7073 in 1990.

Population development

In 1822 there were 28 residents in Księży Młyn. In 1880 about 6,000 people lived in the area of ​​Księży Młyn.

Attractions

One of the sights is the palace of the Scheibler family , which is right next to the factory and the workers' settlement. The building has been expanded and rebuilt over time. It was given its final shape in 1886 by the Warsaw architect E. Lilpop . Today the museum for cinematography is located in the rooms .

The workers' houses

Furthermore, the workers' settlement is still largely preserved and inhabited today. The apartments in the houses were single- or two-family houses with 25 or 40 m² of living space. The apartments have since been enlarged and have kitchens and sanitary facilities, both of which were originally not available. The school building forms the end of the main avenue of the settlement.

Eduard Herbst's villa

The villa of the factory owner Eduard Herbst is now also a museum, the furnishings of the building from the 19th century are exhibited here.

The Łódź Film School , the Book Art Museum and the Art Museum are also located in the area of ​​Księży Młyn .

References

Web links

Commons : Księży Młyn  - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Footnotes

  1. ↑ derived from the word Książę which in Old Polish meant both pastor and duke
  1. ↑ p. 17
  2. ↑ pp. 20-21
  3. ↑ pp. 24-25
  4. ↑ p. 67
  5. ↑ p. 69
  6. ↑ pp. 24-25
  7. ↑ p. 36
  8. ↑ pp. 26-38
  9. ↑ p. 17
  10. ↑ p. 24
  11. ↑ pp. 52-53
  12. ↑ pp. 66-67

Coordinates: 51 ° 45 ′ 21 ″  N , 19 ° 28 ′ 55 ″  E