Lützelbrunnen

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Today's memorial at the site of the Lützelbrunnen in Tübingen

The Lützelbrunnen (historical spelling Lüzelbrunnen, also Philosophenbrünnele ) is a fountain on Österberg in Tübingen that was already used in historical times .

Since 2000, the Lützelbrunnen has been integrated into a memorial in memory of expelled and murdered Tübingen Jews. The property is located near the property at Gartenstrasse 33, on which the synagogue stood until the night of November 9-10, 1938 .

history

Philipp Matthäus Hahn mentioned the well located outside the city at that time as a good source, where he got the necessary water in bottles (probably around 1757–59). In October 1812, the water there, along with four other Tübingen fountains, the Neckar and two tributaries that flow into Tübingen were analyzed for their components. Together with the fountain at Hirschauertor, the water from the Lützel fountain was described as "warmer in winter and colder in summer than the other fountains in the city". Friedrich August Quenstedt described the fountain as a popular drinking source in 1864. The associated Brunnenstube, which feeds the Lützelbrunnen, probably gave its name to the neighboring restaurant in Gartenstrasse 37 called Zum Felsenkeller . It existed in the 19th and early 20th centuries and was at times also a pub for several student associations such as B. AV hedgehog .

The well nymph in front of the Neckarmüllerei

Until 1961, the water from the Lützelbrunnen was fed to the fountain on the square in front of the Neckarmüllerei and the Uhlandhaus am Neckartor via a longer pipe. In August 1910, the square , which had previously been redesigned by the architect Theodor Fischer, received a fountain with a nymph figure made of white Tuscan marble by the Tübingen sculptor Karl Merz . Before the stele with the nymph was erected, there were already several wells in this area, which had changed their location several times. The fountain and the square were removed in 1961, and the nymph figure has since stood on a lower plinth in the park at the plant lake.

The water of the Lützelbrunnen is considered "particularly good" and rich in minerals.

Use as a memorial

In 1949, the forced sale of the neighboring synagogue during the Nazi era was declared null and void and the rubble property was returned to the Wuerttemberg Jewish Community in Stuttgart. This sold it to a private person. The incomplete and lengthy reconstruction of the well was long controversial.

On November 9, 1978, the city of Tübingen had the following text carved into the fountain trough of the Lützel fountain at the instigation of November 9 - 40 years of "Reichskristallnacht" :

“Here was the synagogue of the Tübingen Jewish community. It was on the night of 9./10. Burned to the ground in November 1938 like many others in Germany. "

A year later, following clear criticism, the following was added:

"In memory of the persecution and murder of fellow Jewish citizens from 1933 to 1945."

However, this text did not name the perpetrators either. In 1994 it was decided to redesign the street space at Lützelbrunnen. The side street east of the synagogue site was renamed “Synagogenplatz” so that the fountain is now on the corner of Gartenstraße and Synagogenplatz. In 2000, the fountain was integrated into a memorial for expelled and murdered Tübingen Jews. The city itself had no access to the grounds of the former synagogue.

The Lützelbrunnen is surrounded by a steel cube with 101 square openings. The expelled and murdered Tübingen Jews are commemorated by name on steel plates that partially cover the gully in which the well water flows to a high stele made of two steel plates . On the inside of the stele texts about the history and extinction of the Tübingen community can be read. This monument is considered a “place against oblivion” and is the starting point for the Tübingen “History Path to National Socialism”.

literature

  • Heinrich Ferdinand Eisenbach: Description and history of the city and Universitæt Tübingen. Published in conjunction with several scholars. CF Osiander, Tübingen 1822, pp. 590-596 (digital full text on Google Books ).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Renovation of the Lützelbrunnen well room , draft resolution 2007, tuebingen.de
  2. ↑ Philipp Matthäus Hahn: An unnamed script researcher (Philipp Matthäus Hahn's) considerations u. Sermons about the Sunday and holiday gospels as well as about the passion of Jesus for friends of the ancient truths of the scriptures . Print… JG Sprandel, January 1, 1847 ( books.google.com [accessed October 5, 2015]).
  3. ^ A b Eisenbach: Description and history of the city and Universitæt Tübingen. 1822 (see literature ), pp.  590-596
  4. ^ Hartmut Müller: literary journeys Mörike in Swabia . Klett, 1991, ISBN 978-3-12-895170-6 ( books.google.com [accessed October 5, 2015]).
  5. ^ Friedrich August Quenstedt: Geological excursions in Swabia . H. Laupp, January 1, 1864 ( books.google.com [accessed October 5, 2015]).
  6. ↑ Hansbernd Weynand: History of the hedgehog. Tuebingen 1925.
  7. ↑ " The Brunnenymphe before Uhlandstrasse house ", Tubingen sheets Nos. 12, 1909-10, p.21.
  8. ^ Baden-Württemberg (Germany) State Archive Administration, Tübingen (Germany: district): The district of Tübingen: Official district description . Kohlhammer, 1974, ISBN 978-3-17-001015-4 ( books.google.com [accessed October 5, 2015]).
  9. ↑ Well room on Synagogenplatz is being renovated. In: tuebingen.de , May 6, 2008 (press archive 2008).
  10. ↑ a b Evangelical Dietrich Bonhoeffer Community Tübingen - Synagogenplatz Tübingen. In: bonhoeffer-gemeinde.de. Retrieved October 5, 2015 .
  11. ↑ a b City tour on the traces of Jewish life , tuebingen.de
  12. ↑ a b Monument Synagogenplatz , bonhoeffer-gemeinde.de
  13. ↑ Tübingen (Baden-Württemberg) , From the history of the Jewish communities in the German-speaking area , jewische-gemeinden.de
  14. ↑ History Path to National Socialism , geschichtswerkstatt-tuebingen.de

Coordinates: 48 ° 31 '8.7 "  N , 9 ° 3' 53.1"  E