Loading meters
The loading meter is a unit of measurement used in freight forwarding and transport for the loading area or loading space required for goods . As a rule, a closed truck is assumed.
In this case, length and width of the loading material or the charging unit (particularly, based on an EUR pallet 1.20 m x 0.80 m) with a predetermined width of the truck bed (usually 2.40 m) already vorverrechnet to it at Apply to the variable length of the existing loading area. A loading meter thus refers to one meter in length of the loading space of a truck or other transport container (e.g. container ).
If load carriers or means of transport that differ from the standard are used, corresponding values can be entered in the formula (see section Calculations ). In practice, however, problems will arise during loading if the load units do not fit flush on the loading surface and the actual dimensions of the load carrier do not allow for compensation.
In this way, it is possible to quickly determine how many load units fit on a loading area by dividing the length of the loading area by the value of the loading meters .
The calculation and application of loading meters does not replace the loading plan for a corresponding means of transport; Further restrictions and deviations in the number of items to be loaded during actual loading result in particular from the provisions on load securing and the handling of dangerous goods .
Calculations
Calculation of the area
The following formula is used to determine how many loading meters corresponds to a goods or pallet:
- Loading meters = (length [m] × width of the goods [m]) / 2.4 m
Trucks usually have an interior width of at least 2.4 m. A Euro pallet with the basic dimensions 0.8 m × 1.2 m corresponds to 0.4 loading meters.
- 1.2 m × 0.8 m / 2.4 m = 0.4 m
If a standardized semi-trailer - with a loading area length of 13.60 m (and the aforementioned internal dimensions) - has to accommodate euro pallets, this results in:
- 13.6 m / 0.4 m = 34 pieces.
This empty semi-trailer therefore has a capacity of 34 Euro pallets.
Euro lattice boxes have a slight oversize of 1.24 m × 0.84 m, but since the underlying width of 2.40 m in the formula is a minimum, this deviation in the centimeter range is neglected in practice.
Stacking factor
If the loading unit to be loaded is stackable, the above formula is expanded to include an integer stacking factor :
- Loading meters = (length [m] × width of the goods [m]) / (2.4 m × stacking factor)
Can e.g. For example, if two pallets are stacked one on top of the other in a truck, the stacking factor is 2. A stacking factor of 1 (only one layer of pallets) is interpreted as meaning 0 (no stacking is allowed).
When calculating the stackability, the following condition applies:
- (Height of loading unit [m] × stacking factor) - Interior height of the loading container [m] ≥ 0.05 m
If this condition is not met, the actual stacking z. B. on a truck bed hardly possible, a floor conveyor would get stuck with the top cargo unit when loading on the contour of the hold.
If the above-mentioned semi-trailer truck has a double-deck loading beam that divides the loading area horizontally, the stacking factor must be increased by 0.05 m, as the loading units are loaded individually on top of each other.
- (Height of loading unit [m] × stacking factor) - Internal height of the loading container [m] ≥ 0.10 m
Packages
Pallets and other load carriers can be combined into one load unit with differently dimensioned packages . If the packages are homogeneous or if the number per load carrier is the same, the formula can be based on the number of packages to be determined.
- Loading meters = (length [m] × width of the goods [m] / 2.4 m) × possible number of packages per loading unit
or with stacking factor:
- Loading meters = (length [m] × width of the goods [m]) / (2.4 m × stacking factor) × possible number of packages per loading unit
Calculation of the space
A loading meter can also refer to the loading space ( calculated in cubic meters ).
- Loading space [m³] = length [m] × interior width [m] × interior height [m]
The inside width is standard, the inside height can differ depending on the original purpose of the structure; normally gives the value
- 1 m × 2.4 m × 2.4 m = 5.76 m³
A loading vessel dimensioned in this way can hold 5.76 cubic meters per meter of length of the loading area.
See also
- Möbelwagenmeter (MWM): In the moving and furniture haulage, a volume of 5 m³ was calculated until mid-1998; this MWM was also referred to as a loading meter.
- Gauge meter for RoRo ships ; one lane meter corresponds to one running meter of a loading lane two meters wide, i.e. an area of two square meters.
Individual evidence
- ↑ / VSO / M_STACK_NO - stacking factor (load space optimization): consolut. Retrieved February 6, 2020 .