Developing countries without access to the sea

Developing countries without access to the sea , and landlocked developing countries ( English landlocked developing countries , in short LLDCs ) denotes one of the United Nations defined socio-economic status, 32 away from the sea located, countries poor have anywhere in the world.

Disambiguation

The term least developed countries ( English Least Developed Countries , in short LDC ) can - if it is abbreviated with its natural abbreviation - Expressing less developed countries ( English Less Developed Countries in short LDCs ) are confused (countries that are one level under the less developed countries), since its natural abbreviation is also LDC. Therefore, the abbreviation LLDC is sometimes used to better differentiate the least developed countries. In turn, there is a risk of confusion with the developing countries without sea access ( English Landlocked Developing Countries ), which is why the least developed countries with LDC and the less developed countries are usually evasively referred to as developing countries ( English Developing Countries , short: DC ). Nowadays, however, even some UN organizations no longer make any particular distinction between least developed and less developed countries.

Explanations

These landlocked developing countries usually have particular difficulties in asserting themselves on the world market, partly because of their remoteness. Crossing several other countries, bridging above-average distances and impassable terrain, inadequate infrastructural conditions and inefficient transport mean that transit costs are increasing endlessly. The result is low economic growth rates - among the 32 developing countries with no access to the sea, 17 are the least developed countries in the world (LDCs).

Landlocked countries in Europe, on the other hand, have the advantage that they are surrounded by high-turnover markets and their share of sea export / import is relatively low, although the respective nearest port is not as far away as, for example, in landlocked countries in Africa. The distance to a port can be several thousand kilometers, for example Kazakhstan has to cover the longest distance with 3750 km, Afghanistan, Chad, Niger, Zambia and Zimbabwe come to about 2000 km. Most developing countries without sea access are also surrounded by economically weak countries, which in turn has a negative impact on the transport options of developing countries without sea access. It is only possible to trade with them under difficult conditions; they themselves can hardly offer the necessary sales market or transport systems on a high technical and administrative level.

Together with the Least Developed Countries (LDCs) and the Small Island Developing Countries (SIDS), the developing countries without sea access have been represented by a High Representative for the Least Developed Countries, Landlocked Developing Countries and Small Island Developing Countries since 2001 . Based on a resolution of the UN General Assembly, this office was set up at the headquarters of the world organization in New York to help coordinate the various programs of action for these groups of countries.

Current Developing Countries Without Sea Access (LLDCs)

Europe		Asia		Africa
	Moldova Republic Moldova		Laos Laos *		Malawi Malawi *
	North Macedonia North Macedonia		Mongolia Mongolia		Mali Mali *
South America			Nepal Nepal *		Niger Niger *
	Bolivia Bolivia		Tajikistan Tajikistan		Rwanda Rwanda *
	Paraguay Paraguay		Turkmenistan Turkmenistan		Zambia Zambia *
Asia			Uzbekistan Uzbekistan		Zimbabwe Zimbabwe
	Afghanistan Afghanistan *	Africa			South Sudan South Sudan *
	Armenia Armenia		Ethiopia Ethiopia *		Swaziland Swaziland
	Azerbaijan Azerbaijan		Botswana Botswana		Chad Chad *
	Bhutan Bhutan *		Burkina Faso Burkina Faso *		Uganda Uganda *
	Kazakhstan Kazakhstan		Burundi Burundi *		Central African Republic Central African Republic *
	Kyrgyzstan Kyrgyzstan		Lesotho Lesotho *	* at the same time in the LDC group