Lasiommata paramegaera
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Lasiommata paramegaera , male, Corsica |
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| ( Huebner , 1824) |
Lasiommata paramegaera is a species of butterfly ( butterflies ) fromthe noble butterfly family (Nymphalidae). It is endemic to Corsica and Sardinia.
features
The moth has a wingspan of 36 to 40 millimeters. The upper sides of the fore and hind wings are orange-brown, they have a dark brown grid-like pattern. The females are often a little lighter in color. Near the apex of the forewing sits a black eye-spot with white nuclei. Between this eye spot and the extreme apical tip of the forewing there is another, very small, black, round spot. The male has a distinct scented scented spot in the disk region of the upper side of the forewing . The upper side of the hind wings shows small black, white-cored eye-spots in cells 1c, 2, 3 and 4 of the post-disk region . The underside of the forewings is orange-brown, the underside of the hind wings light brown. On the front wing, the drawing of the upper side roughly corresponds to that of the lower side. However, the eye spot in the apex is also surrounded by a brown ring.
In cells 1c - 6 on the underside of the hind wings there are brown, black-edged and white-pithed eye-spots. Males and females differ relatively clearly in the drawing of the top of the wings. The brown drawing elements are finer in the females than in the males, the scented flake is missing.
Similar species
The species is very similar to the wall fox ; Some authors therefore only regarded it as a subspecies of the wall fox. However, it differs in the absence of the irregular post-discal band on the upper side of the hind wings. On the upper side of the forewings, the dark post-disc lines are thinner or almost entirely absent. There are also clear differences in the morphology of the genital organs. The moths are also, on average, slightly smaller than the wall fox.
Geographical distribution and habitat
The species is restricted to the Mediterranean islands of Sardinia and Corsica . It lives there on flower-rich meadows, forest clearings, grassy rocky slopes, but also in cultivated land and parks.
Way of life
Two to three generations are formed each year. The flight time of the moths is from the beginning of April to October. The caterpillars feed on Brachypodium phoenicoides and real sheep fescue ( Festuca ovina ).
Systematics, phylogeny and nomenclature
Lasiommata paramegaera used to be considered a subspecies of the wall fox ( Lasiommata megera ). The two species are crossable under breeding conditions and produce fertile offspring. Transitional forms are also described in the literature. According to the research of Leonardo Dapporto on the islands of the Tuscan archipelago , where moths from Corsica ( Lasiommata paramegaera ) and from the Italian mainland ( Lasiommata megera ) are regularly blown, there are no intermediate forms. The moths can always be clearly assigned to one of the two species in terms of their drawing, color and morphology. He concludes that they are two different species that do not interbreed under natural conditions.
A more recent synonym of Lasiommata paramegaera is Papilio tigelius Bonelli 1826, whose type locality is in Sardinia.
swell
Individual evidence
- ↑ Papillons de France ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
literature
- Tom Tolman, Richard Lewington: The butterflies of Europe and Northwest Africa . Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 1998, ISBN 3-440-07573-7 .
- Leonardo Dapporto: Geometric morphometrics reveal male genitalia differences in the Lasiommata megera / paramegaera complex (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae) and the lack of a predicted hybridization area in the Tuscan Archipelago. Journal of zoological systematics and evolutionary research, 46 (3), 224-230, Oxford 2008 doi : 10.1111 / j.1439-0469.2007.00453.x
Web links
- www.lepiforum.de
- Moths and Butterflies of Europe and North Africa (English)
- Lasiommata paramegaera at Fauna Europaea
- Lasiommata paramegaera inthe IUCN 2013 Red List of Threatened Species . Posted by: van Swaay, C., Wynhoff, I., Verovnik, R., Wiemers, M., López Munguira, M., Maes, D., Sasic, M., Verstrael, T., Warren, M. & Settele, J., 2009. Retrieved February 20, 2014.