Lateran Council
The Lateran Councils (also Lateran Synods ) are the five medieval councils of the Catholic Church that took place in the Lateran in Rome between 1123 and 1517 . In the count of the Roman Catholic Church they are counted as ecumenical councils , although the ecumenicity of most of the Lateran Synods is disputed, since practically only the Western Church was represented. Between the Fourth and Fifth Lateran Councils there are five more Ecumenical Councils that took place in other places.
Overview
The following overview characterizes the councils only by their respective main effects. In the background there is still a large part of everyday business :
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1st Lateran Council 1123:
This council confirmed the Worms Concordat and confirmed the position of the church in the investiture dispute . -
2. Lateran Council in 1139:
This council ended the schism of against Innocent II. Occurred antipopes . -
3rd Lateran Council 1179:
This council established a two-thirds majority as a binding quorum in the papal election . -
4th Lateran Council 1215:
This council was the best-attended Lateran council and theologically the most important of the Middle Ages. It formulates the claim of the Roman papal primacy and professes the doctrine of transubstantiation in the Holy Eucharist . -
5th Lateran Council 1512–1517:
This council did not begin with very decisive measures for church reform, but could not anticipate the beginning of the Reformation .
Further synods in the Lateran
In the Lateran, the episcopal church of the popes, other synods took place in addition to the five above-mentioned councils, but these are not regarded as ecumenical councils:
- Lateran Synod under Pope Martin I 649:
This synod condemned monotheleticism . - Lateran Synod under Pope Nicholas I 863:
This synod excommunicated the Patriarch Photius of Constantinople. - Lateran Synod under Pope Nicholas II. 1059:
This synod passed a papal election decree . - Lateran Synod under Pope Nicholas II. 1060:
This synod declared the antipope Benedict X finally deposed.