Lebedev Institute

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Lebedev Institute: Main Building (2018)

The Lebedev Institute ( Russian Физический институт им. П. Н. Лебедева РАН ) in Moscow is one of the institutes of the Russian Academy of Sciences . Research at this facility specializes in physics . It is often abbreviated as ФИАН ( FIAN ).

history

The institute was founded in 1934 and named after the Russian physicist Pyotr Nikolajewitsch Lebedew . It traces its origins even further back to the mathematical-physical institutes of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Saint Petersburg (with famous directors like Leonhard Euler ), since it was founded when the academy moved to Moscow in 1934. Its first director was Sergei Ivanovich Wawilow . Under his leadership, the institute experienced a great scientific boom.

In 1982 the Institute for General Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, later named after Prokhorov, was founded on the basis of Department A of the Lebedev Institute.

Nobel Prize winners who worked at Lebedev Physical Institute of the Academy of Sciences: Cherenkov, Tamm, Frank, Basov, Prokhorov, Sakharov, Ginsburg.

Well-known researchers

Here worked the physics Nobel laureate Igor Tamm (in the 1930 Head of the Theory Division), Ilya Frank , Leonid Mandelstam , Pavel Cherenkov (which here in 1934 with Vavilov the Cherenkov radiation found), Vitaly Ginzburg , Dmitry Vladimirovich Skobelzyn ( 1951 to 1973 director of the Lebedev Institute), Nikolai Gennadijewitsch Bassow (1973 to 1988 director of the Lebedew Institute), Alexander Michailowitsch Prokhorov (with Bassow Nobel Prize winner 1964 for the discovery of the laser maser principle) and the physicists Andrei Sacharow , Grigori Samuilowitsch Landsberg , Vladilen Stepanovich Letochow , Vladimir Veksler (invention of the synchrotron 1944), Leonid Keldysh Weniaminowitsch , Viatcheslav Mukhanov , Efim Fradkin , Igor Viktorovich Tjutin , Grigori Alexandrovich Wilkowyski , Alexander Viktorovich Gurevich and Igor Anatolyevich Batalin .

Institute directors

  1. Sergei Wawilow (1934–1951)
  2. Dmitri Skobelzyn (1951–1972)
  3. Nikolai Bassow (1973–1988)
  4. Leonid Keldysch (1988–1994)
  5. Oleg Krochin (1994-2004)
  6. Gennadi Mesjaz (2004-2015)
  7. Nikolai Kolachevsky (2015–)

Others

In addition to the very wide-ranging scientific research, the institute is known for having perfected the method for producing crystalline zirconium cubes. These crystals are called “ Fianite ” in Russia , named after the abbreviation for the FIAN institute .

Web links